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ccctc test 10
defenitions for test 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal human cells. difficult to treat because drugs cannot differentiate between cancer and normal cells and; therefore, both normal and cancer cells are killed. | cancer |
| rescue therapy. some protocols use massive amounts of chemotherapy to kill off cancer cells. this treatment is given over a short period followed by an antidote drug immediately thereafter to spare the normal cells. | leucovorin |
| mechanism of action for anti-metabolites | mimics a neccessary nutrient or blocks a reaction, which synthesizes a necessary nutrient. cancer cells utilize these agents faster than normal cells and; therefore, are killed more quickly than normal cells. |
| side effects of anti-metabolites | bone marrow depression, hepatotoxicity, immunosuppression, anorexia, nausea/vomiting, oral and anal ulcers, fever, rash, hair loss. |
| fluorouracil | 5-FU, efudex, adrucil |
| what should you do when preparing fluorouracil | gloves should be worn to prevent application to areas not intended to use. this compound can be an irritant to the skin. |
| mercaptopurine | 6-MP |
| methotrexate | mexate |
| what should you use when preparing methotrexate | utilize leucovorin as an antidote |
| uses for alkylating agents | to treat leukemia, testicular and ovarian cancers, and bladder cancers. |
| mechanism of action for alkylating agents | bind to DNA(the genetic material of the cell) and prevent its relocation; utilized to a greater extent in cancer cells; caution should be used during reconstitution because these agents can cause severe itching and burning upon contact. |
| notes for the technician when using alkylating agents | the technician, when accidentally having skin contact with a cytotoxic drug, should wash hands thoroughly with soap and water immediately and seek medical attention. cytotoxic drugs must be prepared in a vertical hood to protect the technician. |
| side effects of alkylating agents | nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, testicular atrophy, impotence, bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, rash, loss of taste and hearing, seizures, mental cloudiness, depression. |
| camustine | BCNU |
| buslfan | myleran |
| chlorambucil | LEUKERAN |
| CISPLATIN | PLATINOL |
| mechlorethamine | nitrogen mustard |
| cyclophosphamide | cytoxan |
| ifosfamide | ifex |
| carboplatin | paraplatin |
| lomustine | ceeNU |
| dacarbazine | DTIC-Dome |
| nedaplatin | aqupla |
| use for hormones | to treat hormone dependant cancers such as breast cancer. both natural and synthetic hormones are used |
| side effects of hormones | nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, hot flashes, insomnia |
| tamoxifen | nolvadex |
| mechanism of action for female hormones | blocks effect of estrogen in target tissues such as breast tissue |
| side effects of female hormones | hot flashes |
| anastrozole | arimidez |
| What is anastrozole (arimidex) used for | breast cancer |
| bicalutamide | casodex |
| vinblastine | velban |
| vincristine | oncovin |
| vinorelbine | navelbine |
| mechanism of action for vinca alkaloids | arrests mitotic division at the metaphase of cell division |
| side effects of vinca alkaloids | bone marrow suppression, nausea/vomiting, hair loss |
| mechanism of action for asparanginase (elspar) | blocks asparagine dependent protein synthesis in tumor cells |
| side effects of asparaginase (elspar) | hypersensitivity, bone marrow suppression, bleeding, depression, nausea/vomiting |
| mechanism of action for antibiotics | inhibits nucleic acid synthesis |
| side effects of bleomycin | pulmonary fibrosis, fever, chills, nausea/vomiting |
| side effects of doxorubicin | myelosuppression, cardiotoxicity, nausea/vomiting |
| side effects of mitomycin | bone marrow toxicity, nausea/vomiting |
| bleomycin | blenoxane |
| doxorubicin | adriamycin |
| mitomycin | mutamycin |
| dactinomycin | cosmegen |
| idarubicin | idamycin |
| mitoxantrone | novantrone |
| topotecan | hycamtin |
| plicamycin | mithracin |
| daunorubicin | daunoxone |
| epirubicin | ellence |
| the above antibiotics are biohazardous | if spilled, they must be cleaned with a spill kit |
Created by:
kfpolchies
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