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anatomy rev.
anatomy review digits, hands and wrists
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how many bones are in the hand | 27 |
| the hand has how many divisions and what are they | 14 phalanges, 5 metacarpals and 8 carpals |
| the thumb has how many phalanges | only two phalanges |
| a single phalange is called what | phalanx |
| are carpal bones considered part of the hand T or F | true |
| digits or phalanges have four parts | base, body, head, and terminal tuft |
| terminal tuft | the distal head of the phalanx |
| another name for the thumb | pollex |
| the digits are numbered | 1-5 and named by location |
| first digit | the thumb only has proximal and distal |
| another name for big toe | hallux |
| digits 2-5 | has proximal, middle and distal ends |
| metacrarpals are classified as | 1-5 miniature long bones formed by endochondral ossification |
| metacarpals make up | the palm of the hand |
| carpals are classified as | 8 short bones |
| bones of the carpals | have a layer of compact over spongy bone |
| what are the bones of the metacarpals lateral to medial | 1. scaphoid or navicular 2. lunate - half moon 3. triquetrum 4. pissiform - pea shaped 5. trapezium - thumb, lateral or greater multangler 6. trapezoid or lesser multangler 7. capitate or os magnum 8. hamate - little hook process called |
| another name for hamate | unciform |
| what carpal bone articulates with the base of the 3rd metacarpal? | capitate or os magnum bone |
| which carpal bone is the largest | os magnum bone |
| which carpal bone is the most commonly fractured | scaphoid or navicular bone |
| the hand consists of how many bones | 27 |
| what carpal bone articulates with the base of the 1st metacarpal | trapezium or greater multanger |
| the bones in the palm of the hand are referred to as | metacarpals |
| interphalangeal joints | proximal PIP and distal DIP |
| DIP | distal interphalangeal joints 2nd-5th synovial hinges and diathrodial |
| PIP | proximal interphalangeal joints 1-5 synovial and diathrodial |
| the thumb articulation has which joints | IP and PIP |
| MCP articulations | metacarpophalangeal joints 2-5 are ellipsoid and synovial |
| head of the metacarpals make up what? | the knuckles |
| intermetacarpals joint articulations | gliding and synovial |
| CMC joints | carpometacarpals which are carpal/metacarpal joints which are gliding |
| intercarpal joints | |
| radiocarpal joint | radius and carpal |
| carpal tunnel | flexor retinaculum. laterally attached to: trapezium and navicular medially attached to: hamate and pissiform |
| anatomical snuff box | radio fossa floor made up of navicular and trapezium |
| sesamoid bone | developed in tendons |
| common fractures | scaphoid or navicular bone |
| common hand fractures | bennetts and boxers |
| bennetts | fracture found at base of first metacarpal |
| boxers | found at the base of the 5th metacarpal is caused by punching a wall etc. |
| common wrist fractures | colles', smiths and torus/buckle |
| colles | posterior dislocation and fracture of carpal and radius/ulna |
| smith's | anterior dislocation (mr. smith) |
| best position to see wrist fractures | lateral |
| torus or buckle | periosteum buckles, impacted fracture |
| the forearm consists of what | two long bones the ulna and radius |
| medial side | ulna |
| lateral side | radius |
| ulnar anatomy | proximal extremity - olecranon process is proximal and posterior coronoid process - is proximal and anterior trochlear notch and radial notch body distal extremity - head and styloid process |
| radial anatomy | proximal extremity - consists of three parts head,neck and tuberosity body distal extremity - styloid process carpal articular surface/radial carpal joint and ulnar notch |
| distal extremity | styloid process, carpal articular surface (radial carpal joint) and ulnar notch |
| anatomy of the humerus/ classification | long bone.medial condyle is the trochlea which sits in the trochlear notch |
| proximal end of the humerus | head of the humerus |
| distal end of the humerus | articulates with the radius and ulna (elbow) |
| trochlea | spool like process that sits in the troclea notch which articulates with the ulna |
| distal anatomy of the humerus/ anterior | condyle, capitulum, trochlea, coronoid fossa, and radial fossa |
| capitulum | also means little head. articulates with w/ radial head |
| radial fossa | the radial process sits into |
| distal anatomy of the humerus/ posterior | olecranon fossa, medial & lateral epicondyle, and ulnar groove |
| olecranon fossa | olecranon process sits into |
| ulnar groove | ulna nerve sits into on medial epicondyle |
| proximal anatomy of the humerus | humeral head, anatomical neck, greater tubercle (lateral), lesser tubercle (medial), itertubercular groove, and surgical neck body deltoid tubercle |
| intertubercular groove | called the bicepital groove, bicep muscle |
| surgical neck | common area that breaks |
| deltoid tubercle | raised area, deltoid muscle |
| coronoid process | beak like process |
| monteggis | fx of the proximal radius/ulna, elbow |
| anatomy of the elbow. what three bones make up the elbow? | the humerus, radius, and ulna |
| what three joints are enclosed in a common capsule? | the proximal radioulnar joint, humeroulnar joint, and the humeroradial joint |
| proximal ulnar joint | synovial pivot joint which allows us to pronate our hand |
| humeroulnar joint | synovial hinge joint- troclea and troclea notch |
| humeroradial joint | head of the radius and capitulum |
| what are the three fat pads? | posterior, anterior, and supinator |
| fat pads can become elevated when elbows are injured T or F? | True |
Created by:
eckoultd1972
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