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Unit 12
Abnormal Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychological disorders | Deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors. |
| Attention-Deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. |
| Medical Model | The concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital. |
| DSM IV TR | The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Widely used for classifying psychological disorders. |
| Anxiety Disorders | Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety. |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal. |
| Panic Disorder | An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. |
| Phobia | An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation. |
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions. |
| Post-Traumatic stress disorder | An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after the traumatic experience. |
| Post-traumatic growth | Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises. |
| Somatoform Disorder | Psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause. |
| Conversion Disorder | A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found. |
| Hypochondriasis | A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensation as symptoms to a disease. |
| Dissociative Disorders | Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings. |
| Dissociative identity disorder | A rare disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder |
| Mood Disorders | Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. |
| Major Depressive Disorder | A mood disorder in which a person experiences in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities. |
| Mania | A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, widely optimistic state. |
| Bipolar disorder | A mood disorder in which the person switches between the hopelessness of depression and the overexcited state of mania. |
| Schizophrenia | A group of severe disorders described by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions. |
| Delusions | False Beliefs. |
| Personality Disorders | Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning. |
| Anti-social personality disorder | A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrong doing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist. |
| Word Salad | Incoherent Speech consisting of both real and imaginary word, lacking comprehensive meaning, and occurring in advanced schizophrenic states. |
| Hallucinations | Seeing, touching, tasting, hearing, or smelling things that aren't there. |
| Agoraphobia | Fear of leaving one's home. |
| M'Naghten Rule | A 19th century case that gave us our modern interpretation of insanity. Test for insanity. |
| Fugue | Characterized by loss of identity, and for one to travel to a new location. |
| Dissociative Amnesia | Loss of memory either caused by a traumatic event or extreme periods of stress. |
| Atypical Behavior | Behavior that is different that it violates the norm. |
| Maladaptive Behavior | Behavior that is destructive to ones self or others. |
| Dysthimia | Known as the common cold. Has symptoms such as unhappiness, lack of energy and lack of a sense of humor. Usually last two weeks or less, and goes away without any medical. |
| Histrionic Personality Disorder | Characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriate seductiveness. |
Created by:
APPsychology
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