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Pharm 37 Antivirals

Pharm

QuestionAnswer
Blocks infx of HIV that uses CCR5 (not active against CXCR4). SE: Hepatotox, MI, rash, dizzy. In combo w other HIV drugs Maraviroc
Blocks HIV attach/entry by inhibiting gp41-mediated fusion. SE: Guillain-Barre synd, Renal insuff, Periph neuropathy, CN6 palsy. In combo w other HIV drugs Enfuvirtide (T-20)
Inhibit Influenza A uncoating by blocking M2-> acidify virus. Also Tx Parkinsonsim. SE: Neuroleptic Malignant synd. Amantadine - Rimantadine causes fewer neuro effects
Phosphorylated by viral kinases->inhibit viral DNA polymerase. For HSV and VZV. SE: Renal fail, TTP in immunocompromised. Acyclovir - Valacyclovir is oral prodrug
Phosphorylated by viral kinases->inhibit viral DNA polymerase. For HSV and VZV. SE: Erythema Multiforme Penciclovir, Famciclovir
Phosphorylated by viral kinases->inhibit viral DNA polymerase. For CMV. SE: Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia, Anemia. Ganciclovir - Valganciclovir is oral prodrug
Phosphorylated by cellular enzymes->inhibit CMV DNA Polymerase. For CMV Retinitis. SE: Nephrotox, Neutropenia. Contra: Renal insuff. Must be coadmin w Probenecid. Once/week dosing Cidofovir
Anti-HIV nucleoside analogue is phosphorylated by cell kinases->inhibt viral Reverse Transcriptase. For HIV. SE: Neutropenia, anemia, Pancreatitis. Tox d/t inhib of mitochon DNA pol Zidovudine (AZT), Emtricitabine (FTC) [1/day]
Anti-HBV nucleoside analogue is phosphorylated by cell kinases->inhibt HBV Polymerase. For Hep B. SE: Neutropenia, anemia, Pancreatitis. Less toxic d/t L-stereoisomer structure Lamivudine (3TC)
Inhibit viral DNA Polymerase directly by mimicking Pyrophosphate. For HSV and CMV. SE: Renal impair (Major dose-limiting tox). Foscarnet
Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRI). For HIV. SE: Rash, Psych effects. Contra: Drugs metab by P450 3A4. Resistance develops rapidly so used in combo w other anti-HIV drugs Efavirenz, Nevirapine
Inhibit Integrase (HIV can't integrate into host genome). SE: Suicide, Renal Fail, Rhabdomyolysis, Insomnia. Only used in combo Raltegravir
Inhibit HIV protease (no maturation). SE: Dyslipidemia. Contra: Hepat impair, P450 3A4s. Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Fosamprenavir (oral)
Inhibit Influenza Neuraminidase. For both A and B. SE: Bronchospasm, Resp Depression. Oseltamivir (oral, for Tx and prophylaxis and Tx of Avian and Swine Flus), Zanamivir (inhaled, only for Tx)
Aerosol form for RSV and in combo w Interferon-Alpha for Hep C. SE: Bradyarrhytmia, rash. Contra: Preg (or potential), Heart/Hepat problems Ribavirin
For HSV. SE: Headache. Mech of action unknown, but lacks cytotoxicity Docosanol
Activate signaling cascades to produce antiviral prots (prot kinase R). For Hep C and B, Kaposi Sarcoma, CML. SE: Gastric hemorrhage, Aplastic Anemia, Depression. Interferon-Alpha
Interacts w Toll-like Receptors to boost innate immunity. For HPV. SE: Skin irritation (redness, erosion, crusting, burning sensation). Wash hands before and after use. Imiquimod
Created by: Jakphooey
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