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ccctc test 8 renal
defenitions for test 8 renal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| composed of the kidneys and represents a major route to eliminate drugs; produces hormones and regulates body fluid and electrolyte balance | renal system |
| a disease characterized by overproduction or insufficient elimination or uric acid within the body that will crystallize in the joints and cause pain and inflammation | gout |
| salts which are dissolved in body fluids and are necessary in proper concentration to maintain normal body functions | electrolytes |
| uses of electrolytes | replacement of depleted salts |
| side effects of electrolytes | stomach upset, constipation, diarrhea |
| examples of electrolytes | ammonium, bicarbonate, calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphate, potassium, sodium |
| uses for diuretics | treat congestive heart failure, hypertension and fluid retention |
| mechanism of action for diuretics | alter the body's electrolyte pattern by prohibiting or enhancing excretion of electrolytes |
| note: most diuretics increase potassium secretion | this can be corrected by eating high-potassium foods such as bananas and orange juice or taking a potassium sparing diuretic |
| thiazide and related diuretic uses | reduce blood pressure |
| mechanism of action for thiazide and related diuretics | causes kidneys to secrete more, decreases water retention, decrease blood pressure |
| side effects of thiazide and related diuretics | increased urination, weakness, muscle cramps, stomach upset, dizziness |
| hydochlorothiazide | hydrodiuril |
| indapamide | lozol |
| metolazone | zaroxolyn |
| uses for loop diuretics | treat congestive heart failure and a very potent diuretic |
| side effects of loop diuretics | increased urination, weakness, muscle cramps, stomach upset, dizziness |
| furosemide | lasix |
| bumetanide | bumex |
| torsemide | demadex |
| uses for potassium sparing diuretics | treats congestive heart failure, weak diuretic--often used in combination with other diuretics, no potassium supplement needed |
| side effects of potassium sparing diuretics | increased urination, weakness, muscle cramps, stomach upset, dizziness |
| spironolactone | aldactone |
| amiloride | midamor |
| combination diuretics | diuretics with HCTZ |
| amiloride + HCTZ | moduretic |
| triamterene + HCTZ | maxzide, dyazide |
| difference between maxzide and dyazide | maxzide is a tablet and dyazide is a capsule |
| uses for osmotic diuretics | to produce and intense diuresis in a hospital setting |
| mechanism of action for osmotic diuretics | pull water out of the body and into the kidneys |
| examples of osmotic diuretics | mannitol and urea |
| uses for gout agents | prevention and treatment of gout attacks |
| allopurinol | zyloprim |
| mechanism of action for allopurinol(zyloprim) | inhibits uric acid production |
| side effects of allopurinol (zyloprim) | rash |
| probenecid | benemid |
| mechanism of action for probenecid (benemid) | enhance the excretion of uric acid |
| side effects of probenecid (benemid) | kidney stones |
| colcrys | used to be colchicine |
| uses for colcrys (colchicine) | drug of choice for accute gout attacks |
| mechanism of action for colcrys (colchicine)` | reduces the pain and swelling of gouty flares |
Created by:
kfpolchies
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