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Drugs for Spasticity

Drugs for Muscle Spasm and Spasticity

QuestionAnswer
Muscle relaxant: mechanism of action Unclear, maybe from sedative properties of drugs
Muscle relaxant: uses Relieves localized spasm resulting from muscle injury. Decrease local pain and tenderness. Sedation
Muscle relaxant: adverse effects (CNS) Drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness
Muscle relaxant: adverse effects (hepatotoxicity) Tizanidine, Metaxalone, Chlorzoxazone
Muscle relaxant: adverse effects (anticholinergic) Cyclobenzaprine, orphenadrine can cause dry mouth, blurred vision, photophobia, urinary retention, constipation
Baclofen: mechanism of action Acts within spinal cord to suppress hyperactive reflexes. May mimic of GABA on spinal neurons
Baclofen: uses Reduces spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy. Preferred over dantrolene when spasticity is associated with muscle weakness
Baclofen: adverse effects Drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, fatigue
Baclofen (intrathecal): abrupt withdrawal High fever, altered mental status, exaggerated rebound spasticity, muscle rigidity. Rarely, rhabdomylosis (muscle breakdown), multiple organ system failure, and death
Diazepam: mechanism of action Benzodiazapine. Act in CNS to suppress spasticity. May mimic GABA at receptors in spinal cord and brain
Diazepam: adverse effects Sedation
Dantrolene: mechanism of action DIrectly acts on skeletal muscle. Suppresses release of calcium from SR so muscles are less able to contract
Dantrolene: uses Spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy. Also used for malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene: adverse effects Hepatoxicity, muscle weakness, drowsiness, diarrhea
Created by: suezy
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