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Study Guide II
Drug Fundamentals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| You are making a TPN with magnesium sulfate and calcium gluconate (two divalent cations). Which of the following electrolytes in MOST likely to cause an IV incompatibility? | Sodium Phosphate, Phosphates |
| Identify the electrolyte that is restricted in patients with CHF and HTN | Sodium Chloride or salt |
| Two electrolytes often restricted in patients with kidney disease | Salt and Postassium |
| What is the meaning of 5% in pharmacy | weight by vol = 5 grams disolved in 100 mL |
| What drugs are in buffered LIDO and what is the indication of use | Sodium Bicarb, increase shelf life and decreases the sting |
| Which class of drugs are used to DECREASE acid secretion in the stomach | H2 antagonist |
| Drugs used to treat chemo-induced vomiting | Aloxi, Marinol, Anzement, Zofran, Kytril |
| PPIs (Proton Pump Inhibitors) | Prilosec, Protonix, Prevacid, Nexium, Aciphex |
| OTC PPIs | Prilosec, Prevacid |
| H2 BLOCKERS | Pepcid, Zantac, Tagamet |
| OTC H2 BLOCKERS | Pepcid, Zantac, Axid, Tagament |
| Treats diarrhea | aluminum salts, Imodium AD, Pepto-Bismol, Lomotil, tincture of opium |
| How does a Proton Pump Inhibitor work | it blocks the final step |
| How does Carafate work | chemical bandaide |
| How do H2 BLOCKERS work | Blocks parietal cells-cannot secrete HCL |
| How do antacids work | Changes water to salt |
| If an aminoglycoside (gentamicin or tobramycin) is dosed to high, it can build up in which organ | Liver |
| Generic drug names that end with the suffix -prazole are almost always | PPIs |
| Generic drug names that end with the suffix -tidine are almost always | H2 Antagonist |
| What acid is found in your stomach | HCl |
| The large intestines only absorb | water and electrolytes |
| What are buffers used for | Changes PH |
| Ranitidine is generic for | Zantac |
| Serotonin antagonists are frequently prescribed to | cancer chemo patients |
| Rabeprazole is a member of what class of medications | PPIs |
| Which agent is used to treat gastronintestinal inflammatin associated with ulcerative colitis | mesalamine |
| To treat Helicobacter pylori infection with combination therapy, a proton pump inhibitor is often given with any of the following EXCEPT | sulfasalazine |
| Camhorated opium tincture is used for the symptomatic treatment of | diarrhea |
| Scopolamine is often adminstered as a transdermal patch for the treatment of | motion sickness |
| Which drug may interfere with the absorption of aspirin | Tagamet |
| Which medication inhibits the secretion of pepsin and binds to gastric and duodenal ulcers to form a protective layer | Carafate (chemical bandaide) |
| If a patient is experiencing uncomfortable flatulence, what would the pharmacist recommend to the patient | Simethicone (mylicon) |
| Maalox belongs to which drug class | Antacids |
| Which H2 antagonist is known for having many drug-drug interations | Tagmet |
| A drug that neutralizes acid directly without systemic circulation is a | antacid |
| Which class of medication uses surfactants to emulsify and add fluids to fecal matter, making stools easier to pass | stool softeners |
| Drugs that treat IBS | bently, donnatal, levsin |
| What drug does NOT produce antiemetic effects | Axid (Reglan, Compazine, Zofran DO) |
| The first-line therapy for chronic heartburn is which class of medication | Antacids |
| Which prostaglandin analog is used to reduce the risk of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcers | Misoprostol (Cytotec) |
| Which two active pharmaceutical ingredients are found in Lomotil | Atropine and diphenoxylate |
Created by:
Leighlee49
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