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Study Guide I
Drug Fundamentals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space | True |
| Most natural forms of matter are mixtures of pure substances | True |
| When cleaning the hood it is important to remember to wash top to bottom and back to front | True |
| An IV must be sterile | True |
| Evaporation is when liquids turn into vapor | True |
| During a cardiac arrest, the body becomes acidic | True (NaHCo3 sodium bi carb) |
| An amp is made entirely of glass and must be filtered | True |
| IV solutions are one phase, clear, and can have color | True |
| The HEPA filter can filter viruses | False (viruses are too small) |
| IVs must be partical free | True |
| MDVs have a maximum volume of 30 mL and may be used up to 28 days after opening vial | True |
| Single dose vials are good for 24 hours after opening the vial | True |
| NS | 0.9 grams of sodium chloride to 100 mL of IV fluid |
| D5W | 5 grams of dextrose to 100 mL of IV fluid |
| D5LR | 5% dextrose with lactated ringer's solution |
| Two other names for iron | FeSO4, ferrous sulfate |
| Six things that must be checked by a pharmacist BEFORE you make it | insulin, heparin, chemotheraphy/cancer drug, any controlled drug, any item for a baby, TPN |
| What parts of a syringe can be touched? | flange/collar of syringe, barrel of syringe, flange/collar of plunger, needle cap |
| Which of the following will conduct an electrical current | KCl, NaCl, NS, Kphos |
| Phosphates does NOT play well with 2 IV additives | MgSO4, Calcium gluconate |
| The BIG FOUR elements necessary for human life | carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen |
| Iv's must | be one phase, can have color, sterile, particle free, pyrogen free |
| The smallest unit of an element | Atom |
| An atom or a group of atoms with a leftover unbalanced charge | Ion |
| A subset of an atom that does not contain any charge | Neutron |
| A subatomic particle of an atom that holds a positive charge | Proton |
| The smallest particle of a compound | Molecule |
| 0.1 mL | ID |
| 1 mL volume (but RNs prefer 0.5 mL) | SQ |
| 2 mL | IM deltoid injection |
| Usually no more than 5 mL injected | IM (glutetus maximus) |
| Injected into the cerebrospinal fluid, must be preservative-free | IT |
| Define pyrogen | fever producing |
| What is the standard concentration of injectable KCl | 2 mEq/mL |
| What is the MOST common type of contamination | touch |
| Which route goes into the fat layer (adipose tissue) | Sub Q |
| Which of the following gauges has the SMALLEST lumen | 27 gage |
| Electrolytes | can conduct electrical currents |
| Water, sand, rust, ammonia, sugar, and alcohol are examples of | compounds |
| Al | aluminum |
| As | arsenic |
| Ca | calcium |
| CaCl2 | calcium chloride |
| Cu | copper |
| FeSO4 | ferrous sulfate |
| Au | gold |
| I | Iodine |
| Li2Co3 | lithium carbonate |
| Mn | manganese |
| KCl | potassium chloride |
| Na | sodium |
| NaCl | sodium chloride |
| MgS04 | magnesium sulfate |
| HCl | hydrochloric acid |
| ZnSO4 | zinc sulfate |
| A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reaction is known as a/an | element |
| All matter is made up of tiny particles called a/an | Atom |
| These are composed of two or more substances and can be classified as either homogenous or heterogenous | mixture |
| Pure substances made up of two or more elements joined together in a fixed proportion by weight and can be broken down by chemical means into its elements are known as | componds |
| If an ion has more protons than electrons, the ion has a positive charge and is referred to as a | cation |
| If there are more electrons than protons, the ion has a negative charge and is referred to as a | anion |
| States of matter include | solid, liquid, gas |
| The acid found in your stomach | HCl |
| Magnesium salts cause | dirrahea |
| Aluminum salts cause | constipation |
| Acid react with bases to form | water and salt |
| Wherever ___ goes, water follows | Salt |
| KCl | 2 mEq/mL |
| Sterile | free from living organisms |
| What should be written on a single dose vial | time, date, your initials (write on bottle) |
| When a solid changes into a liquid it is called | melting |
| When a liquid changes into a solid it is called | freezing |
| How many phases are in a solution | 1 |
| How many phases are in a suspension | 2 or more |
| What are the proteins that can regulate the speed of reactions | enyzemes |
| What component determines the atomic number | protons |
| The standard metric unit for weight is | grams |
| The ___ is the unit for measuring volumes in the metri system | liter |
| How many states of matter are there | 3 |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| D51/4 NS | dextrose 5%/0.225% sodium chloride |
| CaCl3 | Calcium Chloride |
| D5NS | dextrose 5%/0.9% sodium chloride |
| CCU | Cornary Care Unit |
| DX | diagnosis |
| EPI | epinephrine (adrenalin) |
| D51/2NS | dextrose 5%/0.45% sodium chloride |
| D5LR | dextose 5% in lactated ringers |
Created by:
Leighlee49
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