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Psych Chapters 3 & 4
Psych exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is stress? | Circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one's well-being. When the demands of a situation exceed your resources |
| Type of stress: | Catastrophic, personal, and minor hassels |
| What type of stress effects health the most? | Minor hassles because people don't receive support for this type of stress |
| Primary and Secondary Appraisal | Primary: Is this stressful Secondary: Can I deal with it? |
| Stressor: | Some external event that causes stress |
| Ambient stress: | Stressful chronic environmental conditions, such as high density living situations |
| Acute vs. Chronic stress: | acute stressors are in the moment, chronic stressors occur on an ongoing basis |
| Frustration: | can't reach a goal, experience of failure or loss of some kind |
| Conflict: | When two or more incompatible motivations or behavior impulses compete for expression |
| Approach-Approach Conflict: | 2 good things |
| Avioidance-Avoidance | 2 bad things |
| Approach-Avoidance | Good and bad aspects to both |
| Vacillation: | Back and forth indecision |
| SRRS- Social readjustment rating scale: | List of stressful life events with points worksheet, higher scores increase likelihood of illness |
| Inverted U theory: | Task performance and emotional arousal increase together to a point, then emotional arousal becomes disruptive, especially on complex tasks. Simple tasks are not effected as much |
| General Adaptation Sydrome: | A general pattern of responses to stress no matter what causes the stress: Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion |
| Fight or Flight | A physiological response triggering the body to attack or flee in high stress situations |
| 2 parts to ANS: | Parasympathetic nervous system: conserves bodily resources, slows heart rate, promotes digestion. Sympathetic nervous system: mobilizes bodily resources, mediates fight or flight response |
| Adrenal Medulla: | ANS stimulates them to release catecholamines (which mobilize the body for action) and causes pituitary glandes to secrete |
| ACTH: | hormone that stimulates corticosteroids to increase energy, and inhibit inflammation |
| Pressure leads to: | self consciousness that could disrupt attention, and can lead to over thinking on a well learned task |
| Control: | is a critical factor on how stressful things are for a person |
| Burnout: | happens in work situations, causes physical emotional exhaustion, cynicism, treat people less well, less efficient, miss work, don't care about quality of work |
| PTSD: | reliving event, flashbacks, disrupted sleep, nightmares, trouble concentrating, memory problems, hyper-vigilance, anxiety, self-medicating |
| Hardiness: | can handle stress better. Involves having life commitments, having control in life, and see problems as a challenge to find a solution |
| Moderating factors with stress: | Physical condition, social support, faith in a higher power, humor, diet, not smoking, not using alcohol or drugs |
| Learned helplessness: | a negative pattern, when someone has learned in past experiences that they are powerless and can't do anything- whether or not it is true |
| Behavioral disengagement: | Saying screw it because you don't think you'll succeed anyway |
| Displaced aggression: | Taking feelings out on people "kick the dog" |
| Indulging yourself: | smoking, shopping, eating to cope with stress |
| Defense mechanisms: | not things we do consciously, a way to reduce anxiety and threats to self-esteem, a form of self-deception |
| Repression: | forgetting negative |
| Projection: | accuse someone else of feeling what you are feeling |
| Displacement: | lashing out, kick the dog |
| Denial: | Used to avoid facing problem, denying problem |
| Intellectualization: | use mind to avoid feeling |
| Rationalization: | make excuses |
| Reaction formation: | when feeling something your not comfortable with, you do the exact opposite exaggeratedly |
| Sublimation: | Take a societally unacceptable feeling (usually aggressive or sexual) and use it to do something societally acceptable |
| RET: | Rational emotive therapy, form of cognitive therapy, (based on the idea that people's faulty thinking causes them trouble). Says we need to address a person's beliefs about a situation. |
| Antecedents and Consequences: | Antecedents: what happens to lead up to a situation (getting fired). Consequences: what happens as a result (depression) |
| Our ___ about antecedents cause consequences according to RET | beliefs about antecedents |
| Problem solving: | clarifying the problem, generating possible solutions, evaluating alternatives, and selecting a course of action while staying flexible |
| Causes of wasted time: | inability to indentify priorities, inability to say no, inability to delegate responsibility, inability to throw away things, inability to accept imperfection |
| Procrastination payoff and consequence: | short term payoff is avoidance of unpleasant task, long term consequence is poorer quality of work and increased stress |
| How to avoid procrastination: | monitor time, clarify goals, plan activities, use schedule, protect prime time, increase efficiency |
| Emotional intelligence: | perceive emotions accurately, express emotions, be aware of how your emotions effect your thinking and decisions, be able to analyze and understand your emotions, regulate your emotions, deal with anger, sooth self |
| Positive ways to cope: | talk about feelings, write feelings, distract with exercise, sports, dance. Create outlets like art poetry music. Take small steps toward managing problems. Use humor, relaxation and prayer, meditation, yoga |
Created by:
arisunflower
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