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Physical science 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Wave | a repeating disturbance or vibration that transfers energy through matter or space |
| Medium | the material through which a mechanical wave travels |
| Transverse wave | a wave in which the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction the wave travels |
| Crest | the highest point of a transverse wave |
| Trough | the lowest point of a transverse wave |
| Longitudinal wave | a wave in which the medium vibrates parallel to the direction the wave travels |
| Compression | the point in which the medium pushes together In a longitudinal wave (densest point) |
| Rarefaction | in a longitudinal wave, the point where the ‘coils’ are the least dense |
| Amplitude | a measure of the energy a wave carries |
| Wavelength | measure of the distance from one point on a wave to the next point that is the same part of the wave. Measured in meters |
| Frequency | the number of wavelengths (wave cycles) that pass a point in one second measured in Hertz (Hz) |
| Wave speed | the speed at which a wave travels, measured in meters/ second |
| Reflection | the change in a direction of a wave a the meeting place of two different types of mediums so that the wave front returns into the medium from which it originated to another |
| Refraction | bending of a wave caused by a change in its speed as it move from one medium to another |
| Diffraction | occurs when an object cuases a wave to change directions and bend around it |
| Interference | two or more waves overlap and combine to form a new wave |
| Seismic waves | waves that pass through the earth that are created when part of the earth’s crust breaks (caused by an earthquake) |
| Doppler effect | the difference in perceived frequency of a wave and the original frequency of the wave |
| Resonance | adding energy at the natural frequency of an object. |
| Transverse | the peak is the crest and the rest position should be a horizontal line down the middle of the wave |
| How do you determine the amplitude of a longitudinal wave? | compare the density between the rarefaction and the compression |
| Comparison of electromagnetic and mechanical waves | mechanical waves travel through matter for example: ocean waves, sound waves, and earthquakes. Electromagnetic waves can travel thorough matter and a vacuum for example: light waves, gamma rays, x-rays, radio, infrared, and ultraviolet |
| Relationship between wavelength and frequency | as frequency of wave increases- wavelength decreases and vise versa |
| The speed of sound _________ as it moves from solid to liquid to gas. | decreases |
| The speed of light __________ as it moves from solid to liquid to gas | increases |
| Law of reflection | angle of incidence- angle of reflection |
| Echo | reflection of sound wave |
| Loudness | amplitude of a sound wave |
| Pitch | frequency of a sound wave |
Created by:
Crayford
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