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Ch 5 GI & Hepatob.
Pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| - congenital condition in which the esophagus ends in a blind pouch | esophageal atresia |
| - failure of a satisfactory esophageal lumen to develop seperate from the trachea | tracheoesophageal fistula |
| What is a serious complication of TE fistulas? | aspiration pneumonia |
| What is the most common cause of acute esophagitis? | Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| ______ ______ increase the likelihood of reflux esophagitis. | Hiatal hernias |
| What is associated with severe reflux esophagitis? | Barretts esophagus |
| What is the organisms most often responsible for infectious esophagitis? | Candida fungus and herpesvirus |
| - contain all layers of the wall of the esophagus | traction diverticula |
| - arise from the posterior wall of the cervical esophagus | zenker's diverticula |
| - dialted veins in the walls of the esophagus | esophageal varices |
| - the most common cause of acture gastrointestinal bleeding | peptic ulcer |
| - the most common manifestation of peptic ulcer disease | duodenal ulcer |
| Gastric ulcers are commonly found where? | in the lesser curvature of the stomach |
| - a chronic inflammatory disorder of the unkown cause that often affects the terminal ileum | crohns disease |
| What are the most common cause of a mechanical small bowel obstruction? | fibrous adhesions |
| - common disorder of intestinal motor activity in which fluid and gas do not progress normally through an unobstructed bowel. | adynamic ileus |
| - the telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another | intussusception |
| What is the major cause of bowel obstruction in children? | intussusception |
| Appendicitis is more common in ? | Children |
| - a condition of aquired herniations of the mucosa and submucosa through muscular layers at points of weakness of the bowel wall | diverticulosis |
| - produces shortening and rigidity of the colon and absent haustral patterns radiographically | chronic ulcerative colitis |
| What is the most typical form of primary colon cancer? | annular carcinoma |
| What is one of the most common causes of large bowel obstruction? | primary colon cancer |
| Most primary cancers of the colon arise in what? | preexisting polyps |
| What is a volvulus | A twisting of the bowel on itself and leads to obstruction |
| What type of stones are the most prevalent in the US? | Cholesterol stones |
| What is the primary cause of acute cholecystitis? | impacted gallstones in the cystic duct |
| What causes the gallbladder to become fibrotic and calcified and results from chronic cholecstitis? | porcelain gallbladder |
| What is commonly caused by excessive alcohol consumption? | acute pancreatitis |
| What is a sign of perforation of the GI tract? | pneumoperitoneum |
Created by:
erikasmith28
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