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Psycho(weiten)1
Psychology 1 & 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Psychology? | the science of behavior and mental process |
| Wilhelm Wundt(1879) | established the first scientific LABORATORY dedicated to the study of psychology |
| Structuralism(not practiced) | an approach set to DEFINE the STRUCTURE of the MIND by breaking down mental experiences into CORRESPONDING PARTS |
| Functionalism(william james) | focus on how BEHAVIOR helps individuals ADAPT to DEMANDS placed upon them |
| Behaviorism(Watson & Skinner) | school of psychology that limits itself to study of overt, OBSERVABLE behavior |
| John Watson & B.F. Skinner | studied how BEHAVIOR is shaped by REWARDS and PUNISHMENTS. Trained animals |
| Psychoanalysis -Sigmund Freud- | emphasis the role of UNCONSCIOUS motives and conflicts in DETERMINING human behavior |
| Psychdynamic Perspective -Sigmund Freud- | view that BEHAVIOR is INFLUENCED by the STRUGGLE between unconscious SEXUAL and AGGRESSIVE impulses that try to keep threatening material OUT |
| Humanistic Perspective(Maslow & Rogers) | the school of psychology that believes that FREE WILL and UNCONSCIOUS CHOICE are essential aspects of the human experience |
| Behavioral Psychology(1913) -Watson & Skinner- | effects of environment on the OVERT behavior of human and animals |
| Psychoanalytic(1900) -Freud- | unconscious experiences & motives in early CHILDHOOD GOVERN personality and MENTAL DISORDERS |
| Humanistic Psychology(1950's) -Maslow & Rogers- | unique aspects of human EXPERIENCE |
| Cognitive(1950's) -Piaget- | human behavior cannot be fully UNDERSTOOD without EXAMINING how people AQUIRE, STORE & PROCESS information |
| Biological(1950's) -Olds & Weisel- | An organisms FUNCTIONING can be EXPLAINED in terms of the bodily STRUCTURES and BIOCHEMICAL processes that underlie behavior |
| Evolutionary(1980's) -Buss & Wilson- | evolutionary BASES of behavior in humans and animals |
| Experimental(research method) | MANIPULATION and control of VARIABLES |
| Descriptional Naturalistic Observation(research method) | recording of behavior in participants NATURAL STATE |
| Correlational(research method) | allow scientists to DETERMINE degree of RELATIONSHIP between VARIABLES |
| Biological(research method) | scientific STUDIES of the BRAIN & NERVOUS SYSTEM |
| Neurons | the body's WIRING, basic building blocks of the NERVOUS SYSTEM, in which messages are TRANSMITTED |
| Soma(neuron) | carries out the METABOLIC functions of the CELL |
| Axon(neuron) | CARRIES messages AWAY from the CELL body toward other neurons |
| Terminal Buttons(neuron) | RELEASE neuroTRANSMITTERS |
| Dendrites(neuron) | RECEIVE messages from neighboring nuerons |
| Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) | part of nervous system that CONNECTS the SPINAL CORD & BRAIN with SENSORY organs, muscles and glands, connects CNS with other Parts of body |
| Central Nervous System(CNS) | part of nervous system that CONSISTS of the BRAIN & SPINAL CORD |
| Somatic(PNS) | controls VOLUNTARY movement |
| Autonomic(PNS) | controls INTERNAL bodily processes, breathing, digestion, heartbeat; INVOLUNTARY |
| The Divided Brain | sensory cortex in EACH hemisphere is CONNECTED to sensory receptors on the OPPOSITE sides of body |
| Lateralization | the DIVISION of functions between RIGHT and LEFT hemispheres, one hemisphere may be dominant for a peticular task yet both share the work |
| Left Hemisphere | language, speech, logical analysis, problem solving, math |
| Right Hemisphere | non verbal functions, puzzles, maps, perceiving emotion, music/art, understand language |
| Brain Plasticity | ability of brain to ADAPT itself after TRAUMA. can REORGANIZE itself |
| Broca's Area(LH) | needed to produce SPEECH |
| Wernicke's Area(RH) | responsible for our ability to UNDERSTAND written or spoken LANGUAGE |
| Split Brain Research | patients who Corpus Callosum has been severed, right side doesn't know what the left side is doing |
| Hindbrain(3) | pons, medulla, cerebellum |
| Midbrain | involved in LOCATING things in SPACE, dopamine synthesis |
| Forebrain(4) | thalamus, cerebrum, limbic system, hypothalamus |
| Cerebrum(5) | prefrontal cortex, frontal lobes, parietal lobes, temporal lobes, occipital lobes |
| Limbic System(hippocampus & amygdala) | loosly connected network that contributes EMOTION, MEMORY, MOTIVATION |
| Cerebellum(hindbrain) | coordinates fine-muscle MOVEMENT & BALANCE |
| Medulla(hindbrain) | regulates UNCONSCIOUS functions such as BREATHING & CIRCULATION |
| Pons(hindbrain) | involved in SLEEP & AROUSAL |
| Thalamus(forebrain) | RELAY center for cortex; DISTRIBUTES incoming sensory SIGNALS, except smell |
| Cerebrum Function(forebrain) | mental activities such as SENSING, THINKING & LEARNING |
| Prefrontal Cortex(cerebrum) | executive control system crucial to PLANNING & ORGANIZATION |
| Frontal Lobes(cerebrum) | primary MOTOR cortex |
| Temporal Lobes(cerebrum) | primary AUDITORY cortex |
| Occipital Lobes(cerebrum) | primary VISUAL cortex |
| Parietal Lobes(cerebrum) | primary SOMATO-SENSORY cortex |
| Hippocampus(limbic) | contributes to MEMORY |
| Amygdala(limbic) | involved in learning of FEAR responses |
| Hypothalamus(forebrain) | regulates basic BIOLOGICAL NEEDS; hunger, thirst, sex |
| Endocrine System | the body's glands release HORMONES directly into blood strea; SLOWER than nervous system; REGULATES growth, reproduction & metabolism |
| Homeostasis | bodily systems MAINTAIN a steady, internally balance state |
| Pineal Gland | SLEEP & WAKE cycles |
| Dopamine | addictive, naturally produced |
| Too Much Dopamine? | schizo |
| Too Little Dopamine? | Parkinsons disease |
| Seratonine | anti-depressant |
| Endorphine(heroine, oxy-cotton) | euphoria; stemmed by exercize |
Created by:
spanish09
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