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anatomy test 2 Ch4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories | osseous tissue |
| The tissue that always has a "top" and "bottom" is | Epithelial Tissue |
| Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except | Extracellular matrix |
| The Junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the | Gap junction |
| Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except: | Supporting muscles cells |
| Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretin usually have ___ at their free surface | microvilli |
| A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n) | occluding junction |
| Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called | Desmosomes |
| Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for | Support |
| Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by | A basal lamina |
| Which tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach? | simple columnar epithelium |
| A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage of materials from connective tissues into epithelia is the | lamina lucida |
| Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing are known as | neuroepithelia |
| Germinative cells | Divide continually to produce new epithelial cells |
| In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant? | desmosomes |
| Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ. This tissue is a type of | epithelium |
| Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes. The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels. The tissue is most likely ________ tissue. | epithelial |
| Transitional epithelium is found | lining the urinary bladder. |
| The heart and blood vessels are lined by | simple squamous epithelium. |
| You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the | trachea. |
| Glands that secrete their product by the bursting of cells are | holocrine glands |
| Cells that are flat and thin are classified as | squamous. |
| Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the | heart and blood vessels. |
| The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as | simple squamous. |
| Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are | endocrine glands. |
| The two major types of cell layering in epithelia are | simple and stratified. |
| The epithelium that forms air sacs in the lungs is | simple squamous epithelium. |
| The function of simple cuboidal epithelium is | absorption and secretion. |
| The study of cells shed from epithelial surfaces, often for diagnostic purposes, is termed | exfoliative cytology. |
| Secretions through a duct might provide ________, whereas ductless secretions act as ________. | enzymes; hormones |
| The Pap test for cervical cancer utilizes | exfoliative cytology |
| Cells that are specialized for secretion | exhibit polarity. |
| Watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ________ secretion. | merocrine |
| Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false? | They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress. |
| The pancreas produces ________ secretions. | exocrine and endocrine |
| Unicellular exocrine glands secrete | Mucus |
| A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called | simple alveolar. |
| Which of the following tissues are classified as "connective tissue proper"? | areolar connective tissue adipose tissue dense irregular connective tissue |
| Which cell produces the protein fibers in areolar connective tissue? | fibroblast |
| Blood is which type of tissue? | connective |
| The sticky material between cells of areolar connective tissue is called the | ground substance. |
| Cells that store fat are called | adipocytes. |
| The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue. | reticular connective |
| The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is | collagen. |
| Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue,except | areolar tissue |
| The three categories of connective tissues are | connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues. |
| Two classes of macrophages include | fixed macrophages and free macrophages. |
| Two types of microphages include | neutrophils and eosinophils |
| Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are | dense irregular connective tissues. |
| What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood? | erythrocyte |
| Wharton's jelly is a form of | mucous connective tissue. |
| Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen? | fibroblasts |
| ) ________ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ________ connect one bone to another. | Tendons; ligaments |
| The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are | collagen, reticular, and elastic. |
| White fat is found in ________, while brown fat is found in ________. | adults; infants |
| Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are | macrophages. |
| Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways,except | provide strong connections between muscles and bones. |
| Antibodies are produced by | plasmocytes. |
| Cells that respond to injury by dividing to assist in connective tissue repair are | mesenchymal stem cells. |
| The most common type of cartilage is ________ cartilage. | hyaline |
| Osseous tissue is also called | bone. |
| Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of | cartilage. |
| Which type of connective tissue is found in the trachea and between the ribs and sternum? | hyaline cartilage |
| A tissue with a gel matrix and cells inside lacunae is | cartilage. |
| Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous | perichondrium. |
| Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to | bone. |
| Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue? | supporting connective tissue |
| Unlike cartilage, bone | is highly vascular |
| Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body? | mucous |
| The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of | serous membranes |
| The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the | peritoneum. |
| Adhesions between abdominopelvic organs occur when | serous membranes are damaged |
| Microscopic examination of a tissue reveals a loose framework of fibers embedded in a large volume of fluid ground substance and adipocytes and mast cells fibers. This tissue would most likely have come from the | superficial fascia between skin and muscle. |
| The framework of connective tissue between the skin and underlying muscles is called the | superficial fascia. |
| Which of these refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon? | deep fascia |
| Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ________ tissue. | muscle |
| Myosatellite cells are found in association with | skeletal muscle. |
| Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of | cardiac muscle tissue. |
| The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle. | smooth |
| Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue. | neural |
| All of the following are true of neurons,except that | they are a very specialized form of connective tissue. |
| During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is theleast likely in the region of the injury? | cold, pale skin |
| The permanent replacement of normal tissue by fibrous tissue is called | fibrosis. |
| Tissue changes with age include all of the following,except | proliferation of epidermal cells. |
| The study of tissues is called ________. | Histology |
| An epithelial cell can be divided into two functional regions. They are the ________ and the basal surface. | Apical Surface |
| The epithelium that lines the body cavities is known as ________. | Mesothelium |
| The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called ________. | endothelium |
| Gland cells produce ________ | Secretions |
| ________ secretions are released by the gland cells into the interstitial space.(Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer). | Endocrine |
| The process of lactation (milk production) depends on both merocrine and ________ secretion by mammary gland epithelial cells. | Apocrine |
| The fluid component of connective tissue is called ________. | ground substances |
| The combination of fibers and ground substance in supporting connective tissues is known as ________. | Matrix |
| The watery fluid component of blood is called ________. | Plasma |
| In areolar connective tissue, ________ cells release histamine. | Mast |
| The three major subdivisions of extracellular fluid found in the body are plasma, interstitial fluid, and ________. | Lymph |
| Interstitial fluid that enters a lymphatic vessel is termed ________. | Lymph |
| The three kinds of formed elements in blood are erthrocytes, leukocytes, and ________. | Platelets |
| Lymphocytes can develop into cells that secrete defense proteins against disease. These cells are termed ________, while these proteins are called antibodies. | Plasmocytes |
| Defense cells in blood are called white blood cells or ________. | Leukocytes |
| Antiangiogenesis factor is a chemical produced by ________ that blocks the growth of blood vessels. | Chondrocytes |
| ) A herniated disc is an injury of the pads of cartilage between the vertebrae in which the cartilage bulges from normal position. What type of cartilage is affected? | fibrous cartilage |
| Growth of cartilage by accumulation of matrix around chondrocytes is called ________ growth. | interstitial |
| In ________ growth, cartilage grows wider or thicker in diameter. | appositional |
| Epithelia and connective tissues combine to form ________ that cover and protect other structures and tissues in the body | body membranes |
| The loose connective tissue component of a mucous membrane is called the ________. | Camina Propia |
| Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity as a result of liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or heart failure is known as ________. | ascites |
| The function of ________ is to propagate electrical signals from one place to another. | Neurons |
| ________ support, protect, and nourish nerve cells.(Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer). | Neuroglia |
| The body's first tissue response to any injury is ________. | Inflammation |
Created by:
zuzelbarrera