anatomy test 2 Ch4
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| Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories | osseous tissue
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| The tissue that always has a "top" and "bottom" is | Epithelial Tissue
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| Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except | Extracellular matrix
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| The Junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the | Gap junction
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| Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except: | Supporting muscles cells
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| Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretin usually have ___ at their free surface | microvilli
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| A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n) | occluding junction
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| Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called | Desmosomes
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| Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for | Support
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| Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by | A basal lamina
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| Which tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach? | simple columnar epithelium
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| A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage of materials from connective tissues into epithelia is the | lamina lucida
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| Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing are known as | neuroepithelia
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| Germinative cells | Divide continually to produce new epithelial cells
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| In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant? | desmosomes
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| Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ. This tissue is a type of | epithelium
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| Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes. The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels. The tissue is most likely ________ tissue. | epithelial
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| Transitional epithelium is found | lining the urinary bladder.
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| The heart and blood vessels are lined by | simple squamous epithelium.
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| You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the | trachea.
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| Glands that secrete their product by the bursting of cells are | holocrine glands
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| Cells that are flat and thin are classified as | squamous.
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| Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the | heart and blood vessels.
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| The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as | simple squamous.
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| Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are | endocrine glands.
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| The two major types of cell layering in epithelia are | simple and stratified.
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| The epithelium that forms air sacs in the lungs is | simple squamous epithelium.
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| The function of simple cuboidal epithelium is | absorption and secretion.
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| The study of cells shed from epithelial surfaces, often for diagnostic purposes, is termed | exfoliative cytology.
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| Secretions through a duct might provide ________, whereas ductless secretions act as ________. | enzymes; hormones
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| The Pap test for cervical cancer utilizes | exfoliative cytology
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| Cells that are specialized for secretion | exhibit polarity.
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| Watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ________ secretion. | merocrine
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| Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false? | They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.
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| The pancreas produces ________ secretions. | exocrine and endocrine
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| Unicellular exocrine glands secrete | Mucus
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| A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called | simple alveolar.
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| Which of the following tissues are classified as "connective tissue proper"? | areolar connective tissue
adipose tissue
dense irregular connective tissue
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| Which cell produces the protein fibers in areolar connective tissue? | fibroblast
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| Blood is which type of tissue? | connective
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| The sticky material between cells of areolar connective tissue is called the | ground substance.
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| Cells that store fat are called | adipocytes.
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| The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue. | reticular connective
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| The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is | collagen.
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| Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue,except | areolar tissue
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| The three categories of connective tissues are | connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues.
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| Two classes of macrophages include | fixed macrophages and free macrophages.
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| Two types of microphages include | neutrophils and eosinophils
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| Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are | dense irregular connective tissues.
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| What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood? | erythrocyte
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| Wharton's jelly is a form of | mucous connective tissue.
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| Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen? | fibroblasts
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| ) ________ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ________ connect one bone to another. | Tendons; ligaments
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| The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are | collagen, reticular, and elastic.
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| White fat is found in ________, while brown fat is found in ________. | adults; infants
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| Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are | macrophages.
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| Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways,except | provide strong connections between muscles and bones.
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| Antibodies are produced by | plasmocytes.
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| Cells that respond to injury by dividing to assist in connective tissue repair are | mesenchymal stem cells.
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| The most common type of cartilage is ________ cartilage. | hyaline
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| Osseous tissue is also called | bone.
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| Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of | cartilage.
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| Which type of connective tissue is found in the trachea and between the ribs and sternum? | hyaline cartilage
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| A tissue with a gel matrix and cells inside lacunae is | cartilage.
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| Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous | perichondrium.
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| Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to | bone.
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| Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue? | supporting connective tissue
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| Unlike cartilage, bone | is highly vascular
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| Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body? | mucous
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| The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of | serous membranes
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| The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the | peritoneum.
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| Adhesions between abdominopelvic organs occur when | serous membranes are damaged
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| Microscopic examination of a tissue reveals a loose framework of fibers embedded in a large volume of fluid ground substance and adipocytes and mast cells fibers. This tissue would most likely have come from the | superficial fascia between skin and muscle.
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| The framework of connective tissue between the skin and underlying muscles is called the | superficial fascia.
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| Which of these refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon? | deep fascia
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| Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ________ tissue. | muscle
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| Myosatellite cells are found in association with | skeletal muscle.
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| Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of | cardiac muscle tissue.
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| The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle. | smooth
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| Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue. | neural
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| All of the following are true of neurons,except that | they are a very specialized form of connective tissue.
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| During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is theleast likely in the region of the injury? | cold, pale skin
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| The permanent replacement of normal tissue by fibrous tissue is called | fibrosis.
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| Tissue changes with age include all of the following,except | proliferation of epidermal cells.
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| The study of tissues is called ________. | Histology
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| An epithelial cell can be divided into two functional regions. They are the ________ and the basal surface. | Apical Surface
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| The epithelium that lines the body cavities is known as ________. | Mesothelium
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| The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called ________. | endothelium
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| Gland cells produce ________ | Secretions
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| ________ secretions are released by the gland cells into the interstitial space.(Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer). | Endocrine
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| The process of lactation (milk production) depends on both merocrine and ________ secretion by mammary gland epithelial cells. | Apocrine
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| The fluid component of connective tissue is called ________. | ground substances
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| The combination of fibers and ground substance in supporting connective tissues is known as ________. | Matrix
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| The watery fluid component of blood is called ________. | Plasma
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| In areolar connective tissue, ________ cells release histamine. | Mast
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| The three major subdivisions of extracellular fluid found in the body are plasma, interstitial fluid, and ________. | Lymph
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| Interstitial fluid that enters a lymphatic vessel is termed ________. | Lymph
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| The three kinds of formed elements in blood are erthrocytes, leukocytes, and ________. | Platelets
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| Lymphocytes can develop into cells that secrete defense proteins against disease. These cells are termed ________, while these proteins are called antibodies. | Plasmocytes
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| Defense cells in blood are called white blood cells or ________. | Leukocytes
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| Antiangiogenesis factor is a chemical produced by ________ that blocks the growth of blood vessels. | Chondrocytes
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| ) A herniated disc is an injury of the pads of cartilage between the vertebrae in which the cartilage bulges from normal position. What type of cartilage is affected? | fibrous cartilage
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| Growth of cartilage by accumulation of matrix around chondrocytes is called ________ growth. | interstitial
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| In ________ growth, cartilage grows wider or thicker in diameter. | appositional
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| Epithelia and connective tissues combine to form ________ that cover and protect other structures and tissues in the body | body membranes
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| The loose connective tissue component of a mucous membrane is called the ________. | Camina Propia
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| Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity as a result of liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or heart failure is known as ________. | ascites
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| The function of ________ is to propagate electrical signals from one place to another. | Neurons
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| ________ support, protect, and nourish nerve cells.(Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer). | Neuroglia
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| The body's first tissue response to any injury is ________. | Inflammation
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