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ccctc test 5 def.
defenitions for test 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the peripheral nervous system composed of | all of the nerves outside the brain and spinal chord |
| what does the peripheral nervous system do | these nerves transmit information to and from the brain via chemical and electrical messages |
| what are the nerves that send messages back to the CNS | afferent nerves |
| what are the nerves that transmit messages from the CNS to the rest of the body | efferent nerves |
| these nerves facilitate mobilization of the body for quick action ("fight or flight") | sympathetic nerves |
| what are the chemical messengers for the sympathetic nerves | norepinephrine and epinephrine |
| sympathetic reaction for the heart | increased heart rate/pulse |
| sympathetic reaction for the lungs | bronchial relaxation |
| sympathetic reaction for the blood vessels | constricting blood vessels |
| sympathetic reaction for the GI tract | decreased GI movement (constipation) |
| sympathetic reaction for the GU tract (detrusor) | relaxation (holds urine) |
| sympathetic reaction for the GU tract (sphincter) | contraction (holds urine) |
| nerves which direct restorative and conservative processes (feed and breed) | parasympathetic nerves |
| what is the chemical messenger for the parasympathetic nerves | acetylcholine |
| parasympathetic reaction for the heart | decreased heart rate/lowered pulse |
| parasympathetic reaction for the lungs | increased mucus secretion |
| parasympathetic reaction for the blood vessels | dilation |
| parasympathetic reaction for the eyes | decreased interocular pressure |
| parasympathetic reaction for the GI tract | increased movement and secretion |
| parasympathetic reaction for the GU tract (detrusor) | contraction (urination) |
| parasympathetic reaction for the GU tract (sphincter) | relaxation (urination) |
| Sympathomimetic Agents | The effects of these agents are complex and depend upon the specific receptor where the drugs exert their action. |
| uses for sympathomimetic agents | hypertension, shock, heart block, asthma, decongestant, depression |
| side effects of sympathomimetic agents | high blood pressure, increased heart rate, depends on the receptor site where the drugs exert effects |
| What are the 2 types of sympathomimetic agents | direct and indirect acting |
| what do direct acting sympathomimetic agents do | receptor agonists which mimic the effects of endogenous chemicals (norepinephrine and epinephrine) by combining with receptors in the sympathetic nervous system |
| what do indirect acting sympathomimetic agents do | facilitate the release of norepinephrine or block the re-uptake of norepineprhine in the neuronal membrane |
| example: amphetamines' mechanism of action | increase the release of Norepinephrine |
| example: tricyclic antidepressants' mechanism of action | block re-uptake of Norepinephrine |
| sympatholytic (adrenergic blocking) agent uses | hypertension, heart disease, and migraine headaches |
| sympatholytic (adrenergic blocking) agent mechanism of action | oppose the action of the natural messengers, epinephrine and norepineprhine, at their receptor sites; often referred to as adrenergic antagonists (blockers) |
| sympatholytic (adrenergic blocking) agent side effects | dizziness, fainting, nasal stuffiness |
| how many grams of pseudoephedrine can be purchased a day, a month, and at a kiosk | 3.6g a day, 9g a month, and 7.5g at a kiosk |
| what are the 3 categories of sympatholytic (adrenergic blocking) agents in our book | alpha blockers, beta blockers, and alpha/beta blockers |
| B-1 receptors affect | the heart |
| B-2 receptors affect | the lungs |
| what does psns stand for? | parasympathetic nervous system |
| parasympathomimetic (cholinergic) agents uses | glaucoma, bladder problems, gastrointestinal problems, alzheimer's disease |
| parasympathomimetic (cholinergic) agent mechanism of action | mimic actions of acetylcholine; defecatio, urination, lacrimation, salivation, enhance the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system, may be direct action on receptors or indirect through inhibition of enzymes that destroy Acetylcholine |
Created by:
kfpolchies
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