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Personality Psych.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Personality (definition) | The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character. KEY ASPECT: TRAIT THEORY - traits that stay stable throughout your life. other k.a. genetics, neuroscience, self identity, intrapsychic, selfdeterm. cog ther |
| Traits | qualities that make up your personality. ex. nice, funny, optimistic, smart, trustworthy. |
| Scientific Method | personality psychology uses this to see what kind of person we are. consists of a hypothesis (prediction, educated guess), data that is collected thru experiment, survery, case study, naturalistic observation. EX: stanford study. milgram experiment. |
| Observational study | when you observe an experiment from the outside to see how people would react to certain situations. ex. how a child reacts to a loss after losing one parent to divorce. |
| Hypothesis | prediction/educated guess. has an if, and then. you have to define everything such as shy, truama, etc. |
| Correlational Studies | looking for relationships betwee two variables |
| Independent Variable | used in an experiment - what changes the dependant variable |
| Dependent Variable | used in an experiment - response to the independent variable. cause and effect |
| Idiographic approach | one way to study traits, that is based on the individual |
| Nomothetic approach | one way to study traits, that is based on a universal/global concept. |
| Central traits | how someone would desribe you with the 5-10 basic things |
| Secondary traits | things that may change over stime (the are also known as preferences) |
| Big Five | Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism |
| Five Factor Model (OCEAN) | Costa snf McCrae created it. same as the big five. |
| PEN model (Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism) | P = insane, psychopathic, lunatic, mentally ill; mad, disturbed. E = outgoing N = a personality trait characterized by instability, anxiety, aggression. and vs. how calm you can be. |
| Facets | aspects of interversion characteristics with in a supertrait. i.e. supertrait = introversion facet = shy, alone, quiet etc |
| General Personality Factor | correlation with the bif five factor |
| Musical preferences | how the type of music makes people have asumptions of your personality |
| Eysenk | created the hierarchical model. introversion = super trait, traits = quite, withdrawn, internally focused. etc. |
| habitual level - introversion | keep to them selves |
| specific response - introversion | think before they speak |
| cattell created what? | 16 personality traits - abstractness, apprehension, dominance, emotional stablility, openness to change, sensitivity, tension, warmth, perfectionism, reasoning,privateness, rule conciousness, self reliance, social boldness, vigilance, likeiness. |
| Experiments | have an independant variable and a dependant variable, can use a control group, need a large enough sample sixe, confounding variables ( things that affect it outside the experiment I.E. mood, family situations.) |
| surveys use what? | correlations |
| qualtitative | paper and pencil, numeric scale, statistical analysis |
| quantitative | subjective, look for themes, can quantify it. |
| scientific method #2 book answer | describes how to make and test observations about the world in order to draw comclusions while minimizing, error or bias |
Created by:
Katelyn.walker
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