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Psych Terms 1
Terms for Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychology | the scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
| behavior | any action that people can observe or measure |
| cognitive activities | private mental processes |
| survey | a research method in which psychologists collect data by asking questions |
| theory | a statement that attempts to explain why things are the way they are and happen the way they do |
| clinical psychologist | type of psychologists who focus on helping people with psychological disorders |
| counseling psychologist | type of psychologists who deal with people who have adjustment problems |
| educational psychologist | type of pyschologists who are involved in preparing standardized tests |
| experimental | type of psychologists who conduct research into basic processes |
| environmental | type of psychologists who study they psychological effects of the environment on people's behavior |
| forensic | psychologists who work within the criminal justice system |
| Socrates | ancient Greek who believed that people could learn much about themselves through introspection |
| Wilhelm Wundt | individual who established first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany |
| structuralism | school of psychology that is concerned with discovering the basic elements of conscious experience |
| functionalism | school of psychology that focuses on how mental processes help organisms adapt to their environment |
| William James | Psychologist who believed that experience is a fluid and continuous "stream of consciousness" |
| behaviorism | School of psychology that maintains that organisms behave in certain ways because they are reinforced for doing so |
| B. F. Skinner | Psychologist who introduced the concept of reinforcement |
| psychoanalysis | School of psychology that maintains that human behavior is determined by unconscious motives |
| biological | perspective of psychology that emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior |
| humanistic | perspective of psychology that stresses the importance of human consciousness, self-awareness, and the capacity to make choices |
| psychoanalytic | perspective of psychology that stresses the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior |
| learning | perspective of psychology that emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior |
| sociocultural | perspective of psychology that examines the effects of factors such as ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status on human behavior |
Created by:
rjb
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