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sci 5.4 and 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses | gravity |
| what can the force of gravity change? | motion |
| how? | speed, direction, or both |
| what is affected by gravity? | all matter |
| why can't I attract a table? | when mass is too small, it cannot attract objects |
| who came up with the theory of unbalanced objects making gravity? | Sir Isaac newton |
| what keeps the moon moving around the Earth? | gravity |
| what does the law of universal gravitation describe? | the relationships between gravitational force, mass, and distance |
| what does the law of universal gravitation apply to? | everything in the universe |
| What happens to gf as mass increases? | gf increases |
| What happens to gf as distance increases? | gf decreases |
| a measure of the gravitational force on an object | weight |
| is weight the same as mass? explain. | weight changes when gravitational force changes. Mass is the amount of matter in an object and therefore does not change. |
| What is the SI unit for weight? | newtons N |
| What units is mass measured in? | kg, g, and mg |
| Why do objects fall to the ground at the same rate? | acceleration is the same for all objects |
| How come larger objects don't fall to the ground first? | while it has greater gravitational force, it is harder to accelerate because of extra mass; they balance exactly |
| What is the acceleration of objects towards Earth? | 9.8 m/s^2 |
| Why will flat paper fall to the ground more slowly than a ball of paper? | air resistance |
| If an object starts at rest... | the equation yields the velocity of the object after a certain time period |
| force opposing motion of objects through air | air resistance |
| What does the amount of air resistance depend on? | size, shape, and speed |
| Will a larger surface area make an object fall more slowly or more quickly? | more slowly |
| What happens when the amount of air resistance is equal to gravity? | the net force is 0 and the object falls at a constant velocity called terminal velocity |
| How can air resistance equal gravity? | as speed of a falling object increases, so does air resistance |
| when an object is only affected by gravity | free fall |
| Where can free fall occur? | where there is no air |
| Is an object orbiting Earth in free fall? Explain. | yes, it's moving forward but also free-falling towards Earth because there is no gravity |
| What is centripetal force? | an unbalanced force that causes objects to move in a circular path |
| the curved path an object follows when it is thrown or propelled near the surface of the Earth | projectile motion |
| What is horizontal velocity? | the velocity of an object flat and straight, parallel to the ground |
| What is vertical velocity? | velocity of an object that is up and down |
| What is Newton's first law of motion? | an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at a constant speed and in a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced force |
| what does newton's first law describe? | motion of an object with net force of 0 N acting on it |
| What is a force that stops objects? | friction |
| What is Newton's first law also known as? | the law of inertia |
| What is inertia? | the tendency of objects to resist a chang ein motion |
| What is the second law? | the acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied |
| What does the second law describe? | motion of an object when unbalanced act on an object |
| What two things does acceleration depends on? | mass and force |
| How is acceleration related to mass? | inversely related |
| How is acceleration related to force? | direct relationship |
| What phenomenon (teehee) does the second law explain? | why all objects fall to the Earth with the same acceleration |
| What is Newton's third law of motion? | Whenever one object exerts a force on the second,t he second exerts an equal and opposite reaction |
| Do forces act in pairs? | yes |
| Do force pairs act on the same object? Why? | no, or else nothing would ever move! |
| What is the unit for momentum? | kg(m/s) |
| What is the law of conservation of momentum? | any time objects collide, the total momentum stays the same |
| When objects stick together after a collision, what happens? | they move as one but with different velocities because they have different masses |
| When objects bounce after a collision, what happens? | the momentum from one object moves to another, and the total momentum remains the same |
| In an example where two billiard balls collide, what happens? | the cue ball hits the other ball (action) and sets the new ball in motion. The new ball presses back with reaction force and stops the cue ball from moving |
Created by:
Tsarmina
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