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MAN2021 - Test 1
CHP 1,2,4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are managers? | Individuals in an organization who direct the activities of others. |
| where do managers work? | organizations |
| Efficiency? | Doing things right, or getting the most output from the least amount of inputs |
| Effectiveness? | Doing the right thing, or completing activities so that organizational goals are attained. |
| How are managers different from nonmanagerial employees? | Managers direct and oversee the activities of other people in the organization. |
| Nonmanagerial Employees? | People who work directly on a job or task and have no responsibility for overseeing the work of others. |
| What titles do managers have? | Top managers, Middle managers, First-line managers |
| Top managers? | Responsible for making decisions about the direction of the organization and establishing policies that affect all organizational members. |
| Middle managers? | Typically responsible for translating goals set by top managers into specific details that lower-level managers will see get done. |
| First-line managers? | Supervisors responsible for directing the day-to-day activities of non managerial employees. |
| What is management? | 1)The process of getting things done. 2)The process of getting things done effectively and efficiently , through and with other people. |
| What are the four management functions? | Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling (P.O.L.C.) |
| Planning? | Includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities. |
| Organizing? | What task are to be done, who is to do them, how the task are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and who will make decisions. |
| Leading? | Motivating employees, directing the activities of others, selecting the most effective communication channel, and resolving conflicts. |
| Controlling? | Monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and correcting any significant deviations. |
| Why study management? | 1-Because we interact with them every day of our lives and understanding management offers insights into many organizational aspects. 2- You will manage or be managed. Will have a great deal of insight for whichever route you choose. |
| What was Hawthorne Studies? | Hawthorne works of the western electric company, they wanted to study the effect of light on workers and came to find out it wasn't the lighting but the supervision that productivity would go up when someone is watching. |
| What is the external environment and why is it important? | The external environment refers to factors, forces, situations, and events outside the organization that affect its performance. |
| Assessing environmental uncertainty? | environmental uncertainty refers to the degree of change and complexity in an organization's environment. |
| First dimension? | The degree of unpredictable change. If it changed frequently it’s a dynamic environment. If change is minimal its a stable one. |
| Stakeholder? | Any constituencies in an organization's environment that are affected by that organization's decisions and actions. |
| Organizational culture? | The shared values, principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence the way organizational members act. “How things are done around here” |
| How does culture affect what employees do? | Strong cultures, those in which the key values are deeply held and widely shared; have a greater influence on employees than do weaker cultures. |
| How does culture affect what managers do? | All managers quickly learn what they can or cannot do. (Not written down or spoken) |
| How do managers make decisions? | Decision making process |
| What is the last step in the decision process? | Evaluation of decision effectiveness |
| What is the rational model of decision making? | They’ll make logical and consistent choices to maximize value |
| What is bounded rationality? | Making decisions that are rational within the limits of a manager's ability to process information. |
| -What role does intuition play in managerial decisions making? | It’s making decisions on the basis of experience, feelings, and accumulated judgement. Describes as “unconscious reasoning” |
| How do problems differ? | Structured problems, Unstructured problems |
| Structured problem? | A straightforward, familiar, and easily defined problem. |
| Unstructured problems? | A problem that is new or unusual for which information is ambiguous or incomplete. |
| What decision-making conditions do managers face? | Certainty, Risk, Uncertainty |
| Certainty? | A situation which a decision maker can make accurate decisions because all outcomes are known. |
| Risk? | A situation in which a decision maker is able to estimate the likelihood of certain outcomes. |
| Uncertainty? | A decision maker has neither certainty nor reasonable probability estimates available. |
| Brainstorming? | An idea-generating process that encourages alternatives while withholding criticism. |
Created by:
kcomico
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