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Chapter10Personality
AP Psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| denial | defense avoids difficult situation by simply denying its existence |
| rationalization | give socially acceptable reasons for actions that are really based on motives that they believe to be unnacceptable |
| reaction formation | occurs when people act in exact opposition of their true feelings |
| displacement | involves shifting your reaction from the real source of your distress to a safer individual or object |
| regression | adopt immature, juvenile behaviors that were effective for relieving stress when younger |
| projection | attribute our own unconscious desires to other people and objects |
| sublimation | gratifying sexual or aggressive desires in ways that are acceptable in ones culture |
| oral stage (year 1) | desires:oral stimulation by crying, sucking, biting challenges: overcoming dependency |
| anal stage (1-3) | Desires:anal stimulation by bowel and bladder function Challenges: self control |
| phallic stage (3-6) | Desires: stimulation of genitals Challenges: resolving Oedipus complex by identifying more closely with same sex parent |
| latent stage (6-puberty) | Desires: repression of sexual and aggressive desires Challenges: consciously-learning modesty and shame; unconsciously- dealing with repressed Oedipal conflict |
| genital stage (puberty-adulthood) | Desires: mature sexual relationships Challenges: displacing energy into healthy activities; establishing new relationship with parents |
| collective unconcious | Jung's addition to the unconscious, involving a reservoir for instinctive "memories" including the archetypes that exist in all people |
| personal unconcious | Jung's term for the portion of the unconscious corresponding roughly to the Freudian id |
| neurotic needs | signs of neurosis in Horney's theory, these 10 needs are normal desires carried to the extreme |
| 1st Neurotic need | need for affection and approval |
| 2nd Neurotic need | need for a partner and dread of being left alone |
| 3rd Neurotic need | need to restrict one's life and remain inconspicuous |
| 4th Neurotic need | need for power and control of others |
| 5th Neurotic need | need to exploit others |
| 6 Neurotic need | need for recognition or prestige |
| 7th Neurotic need | need for personal admiration |
| 8th Neurotic need | need for personal achievment |
| 9th Neurotic need | need for self-sufficiency and independence |
| 10th Neurotic need | need for perfection and unassailability |
| 3 patterns or attitudes that people use to deal with basic anxiety according to Horney 3 patterns of attitude or behavior according to Karen Horney | moving toward others, against others, away from others |
| Who made up the inferiority complex? | Alfred Adler |
| 5 stages of greif | Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance |
| self actualizing personalities | healthy individuals who have met their basic needs, and are free to be creative and fulfill their potential |
| People are motivated by a hierarchy of needs and what they do to obtain these needs determine personality | Maslow |
| Hierarchy of needs | 1. physiological needs 2. personal safety 3. need to love and be loved 4. personal safety 5. self actualization |
| Humanists | Rogers and Maslow and Alport |
| Psychoanalyists | Freud, Jung, Horney, Adler |
| Alfred Adler __________. | believed that people are motivated by a need to overcome feelings of inferiority |
| Gordon Alport | individuals possess 3 types of traits: central, secondary and cardinal |
| person centered perspective | developed by Carl Rogers states that people are basically good and are endowed with self actualizing tendencies |
| Bandura | our personality is shaped by our own expectations of how our actions might affect other people |
| reciprocal determinism | the process in which cognitions behavior and the environment mutually influence each other |
| locus of control | an individuals sense of where his or her life influences originate |
| Bandura also believe personality is____________. | a collection of learned behaviors that are obtained by observing others |
| locus of control (internal or external) | designed by Julian Rotter states that an individual's sense of where his or her life influences originate |
| 5 Factor theory | openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism |
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