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Matter and Elements
Matter and Elements Key Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mass | amount of matter and object has; it only changes by gaining or losing mass |
| volume | amount space matter takes up; it is measured in milliliters and liters and length, width, and height |
| weight | measurement of the pull of gravity on an object; it is affected by the amount of mass of an object and how far the 2 objects are from each other |
| density | how many particles are packed into a given space |
| physical characteristics | properties like color, shape, hardness, mass, density, weight, or the ability to be shaped or rolled into a wire |
| chemical characteristics | properties of matter observed during a chemical change, such as the ability to burn, being toxic, corrosive or acts as an acid |
| phases of matter | solid, liquid, gas, and plasma |
| solid | particles are bonded together and have a vibrating motion |
| liquid | particles are bonded but slip and slide over one another |
| gas | particles are not bonded and have a lot of distance between one another |
| plasma | extremely fast moving energy and conducts electricity |
| physical changes | changes to matter but the matter remains the same |
| phase changes | change of matter from one phase to another |
| melting | going from a solid to a liquid |
| boiling | liquid goes to a gas |
| evaporating | liquid goes to a gas one layer at a time |
| condensation | gas goes to a solid |
| freezing | liquid goes to a solid |
| sublimation | solid goes to a gas without being a liquid |
| phase change point | the temperature something changes from one phase to another |
| melting point and freezing point | the temperature where a solid melts and is the same temperature where a liquid turns to a solid |
| boiling point and condensation point | the temperature where a liquid turns to a gas and is the same temperature a gas turns into a liquid |
| chemical changes | new substances are created and the old one is destroyed |
| particle model for matter | the theory that matter is made up of atoms |
| atomic structure | the small parts of an atom |
| protons | in the nucleus of an atom, weigh 1 amu and has a + charge |
| neutrons | in the nucleus of an atom, weigh 1 amu and has no charge |
| electrons | in the electron cloud around the nucleus, and no weight and - charge |
| molecules | 2 or more atoms joined together chemically |
| elements | substances that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by ordinary means |
| compounds | 2 elements joined together |
| periodic table of elements | an organizational tool used to systematically classify all elements |
| atomic number | the number of protons in an atom of the element |
| balanced atom | an atom that has the same of protons and electrons |
| atomic mass | the number of protons and neutrons an atom of that element has |
| acids | compounds which contain the element hydrogen |
| bases | compounds with an OH molecule in them |
| PH scale | the scale used to measure the strengths of acids and bases with acids on one end and bases on the other |
Created by:
hhall530
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