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Barbiturates
Question | Answer |
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Barbiturate Drugs: Mechanism of action | -Act on Brain Stem ( Reticular formation) -Sedative/hypnotic effects are dose related -Reduce nerve impulses traveling to cerebral cortex in brain -Potentiate GABA ( gamma aminobutric acid) -Ability to raise seizure threshhold |
Barbiturate Drugs: Drug Effects | -Low Dose: sedative; increased dose=hypnotic (risk of decreaseed respiratory rate(RR) deprives REM sleep |
Barbiturate Drugs: Drug Effects | Effects liver enzymes which metabolize/breakdown drugs Reduces intracranial pressure in neurosurgical patients |
Barbiturate Drugs: Therapeutic effects | anesthetic for short surgical procedures sedative/hypnotic control of convulsions or convulsive conditions sedative/hypnotic;prophylaxis for seizures |
Barbiturate Drugs: Side/adverse effects | drowsiness,lethargy, dizziness hangover effect, paradoxical restlessness/excitement(seesaw like motion during respirations cheyne stokes, cyanosis, coma, death, nightmares vasodilation/hypotension blood disorders |
Barbiturate Drugs: Toxicity/Treatment | sympomatic & supportive. airway, vital signs, IV fluids |
Barbiturate Drugs: Drug Interactions | Increase hepatic enzymes additive effect with MAOI, other sedatives alcohol antihistamines, opiods and tranquilizers. decreases the effect of coumadin (warfarin) |
Brabiturate Drug: Examples | Phenobarbital, Pentobarbital, secobarbital |