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Resp 3 IV
Own questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where does the trachea shift when there is an affected lung (collapsed lung, like atelectasis) | Towards |
| Where does the trachea shift when there is increased air (pleural effusion) | Away |
| What is subcutaneous Emphysema | AKA crepitus. Air leaks from lung into subcutaneous layer of tissue. (feels like rice krispies) eventually have facial or upper extremity swelling |
| What is brown sputum | old blood |
| What is yellow sputum | infection |
| What is green sputum | old, retained secretions |
| What is green/foul smelling | pseudonomas/other anaerobic organism |
| Capillary refill | If sluggish or abnormal, indicates that vasoconstriction is marked enough to reduce circulation (perfusion) to vital organs |
| What does the patient assesment include | Observation,palpation, percussion -ausculation - temp - RR - Pulse -BP |
| Tempature is controlled by what | hypothalamus (in brain) |
| Hypothermia | decreased oxygen consumption decreased CO2 production |
| Bradycardia | maybe caused by lack of oxygen (hypothermia) |
| sighing respiration | normal RR and depth with periodic deep, audible breaths |
| intermittent breathing | irregular breathing wtih periods of apnea |
| What is the normal for pulse pressure | 30-40 |
| What is the rationale or reason to do auscultation | -to assess patient for adequate ventilation -determine which areas of lung are abnormal -identify abnormal sounds -assess effectiveness of therapy -assess adverse reactions to therapy and changes in patient condition. |
| Which ones transmits sound better? Air or fluid? | Fluid except in pleural space Ex. emphysema has lots of air so breath sounds are reduced |
| Pectus carinatum | sternal protusion (pigeon breast) sticks out |
| Pectus excavatum | depression of part or all of sternum (sucks in) |
| kyphosis | abnomal A-P spinal curvature (hunch back) |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature (S) |
| Tactile Fremitus (cat purring) (99) What are factors that increase this | Solid tissue (pneumonia or tumor) |
| Tactile Fremitus What are factors that decrease this | obesity, pneumothorax, fluid muscular, and emphysema |
| Thoracic Expansion How far? and what inceases it | 3-5 cm normal bilaterally in COPD decreases with nueromuscular diseases |