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PS Semester 1
Test review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| factor that changes as a result of changes in the other variables | Dependent Variable |
| factor that, as it changes, affects the measure of another variable | Independent Variable |
| in an experiment, a variable that does not change when other variables change | Constant |
| standard used for comparison of test results in an experiment | Control |
| explanation of things or events that is based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations | Theory |
| statement about what happens in nature that seems to be true all the time, does not explain why or how something happens | Scientific law |
| rate of change of velocity; can be calculated by dividing the change in the velocity by the time it takes the change to occur | Acceleration |
| a push or pull exerted on an object | Force |
| resistance of an object to a change in its motion | Inertia |
| the speed and direction of a moving object | Velocity |
| distance an object travels per unit of time | Speed |
| states that an object moving at a constant velocity keeps moving at that velocity unless an unbalanced net force acts on it | Newton's 1st Law of motion |
| states that the acceleration of an object is in the same direction as the net force on the object, and that the acceleration equals the net force divided by the mass | Newton's 2nd law of motion |
| states the when one object exerts a force on a second object; the second object exerts a force on the first object that is equal in strength and in the opposite direction | Newton's 3rd law of motion |
| force that opposes the sliding motion between two touching surfaces | Friction |
| energy a moving object has because of its motion; depends on the mass and speed of the object | Kinetic Energy |
| stored and energy an object has due to its position | Potential Energy |
| states the energy can never be created or destroyed | Law of Conservation of Energy |
| sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy in a system | Mechanical Energy |
| ratio of the output work done by the machine to the input work done on the machine, expressed as a percentage | Efficiency |
| ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine | Mechanical Advantage |
| transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter at a higher temperature and particles in matter at a lower temperature | Conduction |
| transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from one place to another | Convention |
| transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves | Radiation |
| thermal energy that flows from a warmer material to a cooler material | Heat |
| material in which electrons are not able to move easily | Insulator |
| material, such as copper wire, in which electrons can move easily | Conductor |
| measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object | Temperature |
| m- meter | Length |
| kg- kilogram | Mass |
| cm3- centimeters squared | Volume |
| mass per unit volume of material | Density |
| J- joules | Work |
| J- joules | Energy |
| N- newton | Force |
| m/s | Speed |
| m/s2 | Acceleration |
| s- second | Time |
| K- kelvin | Temperature |
| 1. state the problem 2. gather information 3. form a hypothesis 4. test the hypothesis 5. analyze data 6. draw conclusions | Steps of the scientific method |
| machine that does work with only one movement- lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge | Simple Machine |
| machine that is a combination of two or more simple machines | Compound Machine |
Created by:
franciscog12
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