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chapter 8 objectives
AP Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Identify two forms of learning. | |
| Describe the basic components of classical conditioning. | |
| Describe the timing requirements for the initial learning of a stimulus-response relationship of the following : extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, and discrimination. | |
| Discuss the importance of cognitive processes in classical conditioning. | |
| Describe some of the ways that biological predispositions can affect learning by classical conditioning. | |
| Summarize Pavlov’s contribution to our understanding of learning. | |
| Describe some uses of classical conditioning to improve human health and well-being. | |
| Identify the two major characteristics that distinguish classical conditioning from operant conditioning. | |
| State Thorndike’s law of effect, and explain its connection to Skinner’s research on operant conditioning. | |
| Describe the shaping procedure, and explain how it can increase our understanding of what animals and babies can discriminate. | |
| Compare positive and negative reinforcement, and give one example each of a primary reinforcer, a conditioned reinforcer, an immediate reinforcer, and a delayed reinforcer. | |
| Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of continuous and partial (intermittent) reinforcement schedules, and identify four schedules of partial reinforcement. | |
| Discuss the ways negative punishment, positive punishment, and negative reinforcement differ, and list some drawbacks of punishment as a behavior-control technique. | |
| Explain how latent learning and the effect of external rewards demonstrate that cognitive processing is an important part of learning. | |
| Explain how biological predispositions place limit son what can be achieved through operant conditioning. | |
| Describe the controversy over Skinner’s views of human behavior. | |
| Describe some ways to apply operant conditioning principles at: a) school b) in sports c) at work d) at home | |
| Identify the major similarities and differences between classical and operant conditioning. | |
| Describe the process of observational learning, and explain the importance of the discovery of mirror neurons. | |
| Describe Bandura’s findings on what determines whether we will imitate a model. | |
| Explain why correlations cannot prove that watching violent TV causes violent behavior, and cite some experimental evidence that helps demonstrate a cause-effect link. |
Created by:
Karigarcia
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