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MGMT Ch 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 6 forces that stimulate change? | Nature of the workforce; Technology; Economic shocks; Competition; Social trends; World politics |
| Give 3 examples of "nature of the workforce". | More cultural diversity; Aging population; Many new entrants with inadequate skills |
| Give 3 examples of "technology". | Faster, cheaper, and more mobile computers; Online music sharing; Deciphering of the human genetic code |
| Give 3 examples of "economic shocks". | Volatility of stock market; Immigration in high- and low-skill jobs; Skyrocketing energy costs |
| Give 3 examples of "competition". | Global competitors; Mergers and consolidations; Growth of e-commerce |
| Give 3 examples of "social trends". | Internet chat rooms; Retirement of baby boomers; Rise in discount and "big box" retailers |
| Give 3 examples of "world politics". | Iraq-U.S. war; Opening of markets in Pacific Rim; War on terrorism |
| What are the 5 individual sources of resistance to change? | Habit, Security, Economic factors, Fear of the unknown, Selective information processing |
| What are the 5 organizational sources of resistance to change? | Structural inertia; Limited focus of change; Group inertia; Threat to expertise; Threat to established power relationship and resource allocations |
| What are the 7 ways to overcome resistance to change? | Education and Communication; Participation; Building Support and Commitment; Implementing Changes Fairly; Cooptation; Selecting People who Accept Change; Coercion |
| What are the 3 approaches to managing organizational change? | Lewins Three-Step Model of Change, Kotter's Eight-Step Model of the Change Process, Organizational Development |
| Describe Lewin's Three-Step Model. | First unfreeze the behavior you would like to change; Second, Actively work to change the behavior; Third, and most difficult, refreeze the behavior by maintaining the newly changed behavior. |
| What are the 8 steps in Kotter's Eight-Step Plan? | 1. Create urgency 2. Form coalition 3. Create new vision 4. Communicate the vision (Unfreezing) 5. Empower Others 6. Reward "wins" 7. Consolidate improvements (Movement) 8. Reinforce the change (Refreezing) |
| What is Organizational Development? | A collection of planned-change interventions taht seek to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. |
| What are the humanistic-democratic values on which Organizational Development is based? | Respect for People, Trust and Support, Power Equalization, Confrontation, Participation |
| What are 4 Organizational Development interventions for bringing about change? | Sensitivity Training - changing behavior through unstructured group interaction; Survey Feedback - gathering data and acting on it; Process Consultation - using outside consultants; Appreciative Inquiry - discovering what the organization does right. |
| What are Idea Champions? | Managers who actively and enthusiastically promote an idea, build support, overcome resistance, and ensure that innovation is implemented. |
| What are 3 qualities of idea champions? | Have high self-confidence, persistence energy, and acceptance of risk; Use inspiration and vision to gain commitment; Have decision-making discretion. |
Created by:
mcarmody1
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