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Approximately how far is the Sun from the center of our Galaxy?
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What type of object has been proposed to explain the tremendous activity detected at the center of our Galaxy?
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Astronomy
Astronomy final 2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Approximately how far is the Sun from the center of our Galaxy? | 8 kpc |
| What type of object has been proposed to explain the tremendous activity detected at the center of our Galaxy? | A supermassive black hole |
| Harlow Shapley first located the center of our Galaxy in 1917 by | observing the distribution of globular clusters in the galactic halo |
| In which constellation in our sky is the center of our Milky Way Galaxy located? | Sagittarius |
| The Sun's position in the Galaxy is | in the disk of the Galaxy, inside a spiral arm or segment of a spiral arm |
| The dimensions of the disk of our Milky Way Galaxy are | diameter 100,000 light-years; thickness 2000 light-years |
| Cepheid variable stars are useful to astronomers as indicators of | distance, particularly to nearby galaxies |
| The factor that misled Herschel into concluding that the stars of the Milky Way were distributed with the Sun at the center of the Galaxy was | interstellar dust, which obscured the more distant stars and thereby localized his observations |
| Which of the following components of the Galaxy best outline the spiral arms of the Galaxy? | Young O and B stars, dust, and gas |
| The time for the Sun to orbit the galactic center once in its motion in the Galaxy is | 230 million years |
| What force holds the stars in orbit in spiral galaxies? | Gravity |
| Which type of galaxy typically contains the least relative amount of gas and dust? | The elliptical |
| The majority of galaxies in our immediate vicinity (i.e., in the local group) are: | Irregular and small elliptical galaxies |
| _____ galaxies contain mostly Population II stars; while _____ galaxies contain both Population I and Population II stars | elliptical; spiral |
| Which type of galaxy has a disk with no spiral arms? | S0 |
| Which type of galaxy has a large elongated nucleus with tightly-wound arms? | Sc |
| _______ galaxies may contain a few million to few trillion solar masses. | Elliptical |
| _______________ contains several hundreds of galaxies | A rich cluster |
| The _____ that is affecting the motion of the Local Group is believed to be a yet unseen _____. | Great Attractor; cluster of superclusters |
| What is the rotation curve of a galaxy? | It is a graph of the orbital velocities at various distances from the center of the galaxy |
| What is the evidence for dark matter? | The fact that the rotation curves of most galaxies become flat at large distances from the center |
| Astronomers believe that the X-ray radiation from the nuclei of active galaxies comes from _____. | from the accretion disk around a massive black hole |
| Which particular property of the Cepheid variables makes them suitable as standard candles? | Their pulsation period is related to their luminosity |
| Which of the following is not true of Hubble’s law? | It can be used to estimate the distance of our neighboring M31 galaxy in Andromeda |
| What value is closer to the presently accepted value of the Hubble constant? | 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec |
| How do astronomers obtain information about the past of the Universe? | By looking at very distant galaxies |
| Which of the following models of the Universe are consistent with Hubble's law? | Both the Big Bang model and the Steady State model |
| Which of the following provides the strongest evidence in support of the Big Bang model? | The existence of the cosmic microwave background radiation |
| Recent measurements indicate that some of the most distant galaxies may have recession velocities lower than predicted by Hubble's law. What are the implications of such a discovery? | he expansion of the Universe is speeding up |
| Which of the following findings are in agreement with the predictions of the Big Bang model? | The cosmic microwave background radiation, The recession of galaxies, The hydrogen and helium mix found in older stars |
| Which of the following lists the forms of matter in the order they came to existence in the early Universe? | Quarks, protons, electrons, atoms |
| he inverse of Hubble's constant (1/H) gives the approximate _____. | age of the Universe |
| Recent measurement of the variations of the cosmic background radiation suggest that the curvature of the Universe is ______. | flat (i.e., no curvature) |
| According to the Big Bang model, most of the _____ in the Universe were formed ____. | hydrogen and helium; during the first 3 minutes |
| Presently, the accepted value for the Age of the Universe is _______ | About 14 billion years |
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Izzy-Bellz