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Psych Final Ch 3

Ch 3

QuestionAnswer
Evolutionary psychology emphasizes the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain commonalities in: language, learning, attention, perception, memory, sexual behavior, cooperation, helpfulness to others, emotion, and reasoning
Behavioral genetics attempts to tease apart the relative contributions of heredity and environment to explain individual differences in personality, mental ability and other characteristics
Genes biochemical units of heredity which govern the development of an individual life and functioning of our bodies; composed of DNA
Chromosomes an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) the material that stores everything that cells need to replicate themselves
Evolution the theory that things come from other things
Natural selection the evolutionary process in which individuals with genetically influenced traits that are adaptive in a particular environment tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers
Behavioral adaptation “survival of the fittest”
Language a system that combines meaningless elements such as sounds or gestures to form structured utterances that convey meaning
Surface structure the way a sentence is structured
Deep structure how a sentence is to be understood
Syntax the way a sentence is worded
Universal grammar a sensitivity to the core features common to all languages
Sociobiology interdisciplinary field that emphasizes evolutionary explanations of social behavior in animals, including humans
Sexual strategies due to different kinds of survival and mating problems, the sexes have evolved differently with respect to aggressiveness, physical dominance, and sexually strategies
Identical twins twins from one egg
Fraternal twins twins from two eggs
Environment and intelligence it’s been studied that the environment in which a person’s grown up has hindered their intelligence
Epigenetics the study of changes in the gene expressing due to mechanisms other than structural changes in DNA
Nature and nurture the idea in the way that who we become is reflective of either how we were raised or the environment we were raised in
Noam Chomsky associated with language; surface structure and deep structure; rules of grammar
Charles Darwin associated with the idea of natural selection
Created by: lygordon
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