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Pharmacology
Hormones and Glands Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ketones | Strong acids that cause the body's pH to drop; excreted in urine or eliminated through respiration; causes fruity acetone smell on the breath that can be mistaken for alcohol. |
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | Responsible for development of ova and sperm; stimulates ovary to secrete estrogen |
| Growth Hormone (GH) | Also called somatotropin; stimulates cells to grow and divide. |
| Estrogen | Responsible for development of secondary sex characteristics, formation of osteoblasts, inhibition of osteoclasts, and bone loss |
| Progestrone | Prepares lining of uterus for implantation of fertilized egg in females; maintains healthy prostate in males. |
| Thymus Gland | located in mediastinum; part of immune system; endocrine gland that secretes thymosin, which is essential for growth and development of thymic lympocytes |
| Pituitary Gland | "Master Gland" controls many other glands, divided into anterior and pasterior lobes |
| Pancreas | |
| Hypothalmus | controls activity of pituitary gland |
| testosterone | produces male secondary sex characteristics; regulates sperm production |
| Insulin | Produced by beta cells; stimulates cells to take in glucose from nlood stream; lowers blood sugar levels; occurs ater eating and absorbing carbs |
| Glucagon | produced by alpha cells; stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream; raises blood sugar levels; occurs when the body needs more glucose |
| Penial gland | Part of thalmus region of brain; secretes melatonin; plays role in regulating body's circadian rhythm; governs periods of wakefulness and sleepiness. |
| corticosteriods | Steroid hormones secreted by adrenal cortex; 3 different families -Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and steroid sex hormones. |
| calcitonin | Regulates levels of calcium in bloodstream; deposits calcium into bone if too high |
| Oxytocin | stimulates uterin contractions during labor and delivery; stimulates release of milk from breast |
| Thyroid Gland | On either side of trachea; shaped like butterfly; need iodine to make T4 and T3 hormones, which regulate energy production and adjust metabolic rate |
| Adrenal Gland | Two glands located above each kidney composed of two sections -cortex and medulla |
| Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) | regulates function of adrenal cortex |
| Anti-diuretic | also called vasopressin; promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubles |
| Adrena medulla | Inner portion; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine; in emergency situations. Increase in BP, heart rate, and resp. rate |
| Lutenizing hormones | stimulates secretion of sex hormones; plays role in release of ova in females. |
Created by:
Caitlin_stafford
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