Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Psych Final '12
Vocabulary Chp. 11 - 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stress | a disturbance in the homeostatic balance of a person's life |
| Coping | constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person |
| Traditional Types of Coping | -problem focused -emotional focused -avoidance |
| Confrontive Coping | describes aggressive tactics to alter a situation |
| Seeking Social Support | efforts to gain informational and emotional support |
| Planful Problem-Solving | deliberate problem-focused efforts at resolving a situation |
| Positive Reappraisal | reframing of a problem so as to create positive meaning for personal growth |
| Escape Avoidance | wishful thinking |
| Social Psychology | the scientific study of how a person's thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others |
| Conformity | changing one's own behavior to match that of others |
| Obedience | changing one's behavior at the command of an authority figure |
| Stereotype | a set of characteristics that people believe is shared by all members of a particular social category |
| Stereotype (Threat) Vulnerability | the effect that people's awareness of the stereotypes associated w/ their social group has on their behavior |
| Personality | the unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel, and behave |
| Sigmund Freud | founder of the psychoanalytic movement in psychologist (sex and fight) |
| Conscious Mind | level of the mind that is aware of immediate surroundings and perceptions |
| Unconscious Mind | level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings, memories, and other information are kept that are not easily or voluntarily brought into consciousness |
| Id | part of the personality present at birth and completely unconscious |
| Ego | part of the personality that develops out of a need to deal with reality, mostly conscious, rational, and logical |
| Superego | part of the personality that acts as a moral center |
| Psychological Defense Mechanisms (PDM) | unconscious distortions of a person's perception of reality that reduce stress and anxiety |
| Denial Psychological Defense Mechanism | the person refuses to acknowledge or recognize a threatening situation |
| Repression Psychological Defense Mechanism | the person refuses to consciously remember a threatening or unacceptable event, instead pushing those events into the unconscious mind |
| Rationalization PDM | a person invents acceptable excuses for unacceptable behavior |
| Projection PDM | unacceptable or threatening impulses or feelings are seen as originating with someone else, usually the target of the impulses or feelings |
| Reaction Formation PDM | a person forms an opposite emotional or behavioral reaction to the way he or she really feels to keep those true feelings hidden from self and others |
| Displacement PDM | redirecting feelings from a threatening target to a less threatening one |
| Compensation (Substitution) PDM | a person makes up for inferiorities in one area by becoming superior in another area |
| Sublimation PDM | channeling socially unacceptable impulses and urges into social acceptable behavior |
| Fixation | disorder in which the person does not fully resolve the conflict a particular psychosexual stage, resulting in personality traits and behavior associated with the earlier stage |
| Psychosexual Stages | five stages of personality development proposed by Freud and tied to the sexual development of the child |
| Anal Stage | second stage occurring from about 1 to 3 years of age, in which the anus is the erogenous zone and toilet training is the source of conflict -ego develops- |
| Phallic Stage | 3rd stage occurring from 3 to 6 years of age, in which the child discovers sexual feelings -superego develops- |
| Latency | 4th stage occurring during the school years, in which the sexual feelings of the child are pressed while the child develops in other ways |
| Genital | sexual feelings reawaken with appropriate targets |
| Humanistic Perspective | the "third force" in psychology that focuses on those aspects of personality that make people uniquely human, such as subjective feelings and freedom of choice |
| Self-Actualizing Tendency | the striving to fulfill one's innate capacities and capabilities |
| Self-Concept | the image of one self that develops from interactions w/ important, significant people in one's life |
| Real Self | one's perception of an actual characteristics, traits, and abilities |
| Ideal Self | one's perception of whom one should be or would like to be |
| Positive Regard | warm, affection, love, and respect that come from significant others in one's life |
| Unconditional Positive Regard | positive regard that is given w/out conditions or strings attached |
| Conditional Positive Regard | positive regard that is given only when the person is doing what the providers of positive regard wish |
| Psychopathology | the study of abnormal behavior |
| Psychological Disorders | any pattern of behavior that causes people significant distress, causes them to harm others, or harms their ability in function of daily life |
| Cultural Relatively | the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place |
| Biological Model | model of explaining behavior as causes by biological changes in the chemical, structural, or genetic systems of the body |
| Psychoanalytic Theorists | assume that abnormal behavior stems from repressed conflicts and urges that are fighting to become conscious |
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Version IV, Text Revision (DSM-VI-TR) | a manual of psychological disorders and their symptoms |
| Anxiety Disorder | disorders in which the main symptom is excessive or unrealistic anxiety and fearfulness |
| Anorexia Nervosa | a condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15% below the ideal body weight or more occurs |
| Therapy | treatment methods aimed at making people feel better and function more effectively |
| Psychotherapy | therapy for mental disorders in which a person with a problem talks with a psychological professional |
| Insight Therapies | psychotherapies in which the main goal is helping people to gain insight with respect to their behavior, thoughts, and feelings |
| Action Therapy | psychotherapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly |
| Freud's Psychoanalysis | an insight therapy based on the theory of Freud, emphasizing the revealing of unconscious conflicts |
| Manifest Content | the actual content of one's dream |
| Latent Content | the symbolic or hidden meaning of dreams |
| Transference | in psychoanalysis, the tendency for a patient or client to project positive or negative feelings or important people from the past onto the therapist |
| Exposure Therapy | behavioral techniques that introduce the client to situations, under carefully controlled conditions, which are related to their anxieties or fears |
| Cognitive Therapy | therapy in which the focus is on helping clients recognize distortions in their thinking and replace distorted, unrealistic beliefs with more realistic, helpful thoughts |
| Arbitrary Inference | distortion of thinking in which a person draws a conclusion that is not based on any evidence |
| Selective Thinking | distortion of thinking in which a person focuses on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring all other relevant aspects |
Created by:
Greenpeas
Popular Psychology sets