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RADS Pathology 2
Pathology 4-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The appearance of a Schatzki's ring is associated with a(n) _____ hernia. | Sliding |
| An outpouching of the bowel wall caused by a weakening in its muscular layer is a(n): | Diverticulum |
| The radiographic string sign is associated with which disease? | Regional Enteritis |
| Which of the following statements are true of colon cancer? | - The majority of adenocarcinomas of the colon occur in the rectosigmoid area - The appearance of the "apple core" lesion is indicative of colon cancer |
| A neurogenic disease of the GI system characterized by an absence of neurons in the bowel wall is: | Hirschsprung's disease |
| Which is more common? | Duodenal Ulcers |
| The upright abdomen radiograph reveals much gas throughout the distended small and large bowel loops. You suspect the patient has: | Adynamic Ileus |
| ... sometimes the terminal ileum will be "dragged" or "telescoped" into the cecum. This is called _______. Sometimes the pressure of a barium enema flowing backwards (retrograde) through the system will actually correct this problem. | Intussusception |
| A patient complains of fullness in his chest after eating and of undigested food refluxing into his mouth if he lies down immediately following a full meal. Radiographs reveal a classic "rat tail sign." You suspect the patient has: | Achalasia |
| Post operative patients are most at risk for: | Adynamic Ileus |
| Bile drains from the liver's right and left hepatic ducts directly into the: | Common Hepatic Duct |
| The radiographic appearance of a porcelain gallbladder may be an indication of: | Carcinoma of the gallbladder |
| The most common liver tumor is a(n): | Hemangioma |
| The yellowish discoloration of the skin associated with jaundice is because of: | Presence of bilirubin in the blood and tissue |
| Which of the following flows blood INTO the liver? | Hepatic Artery Portal Vein |
| Gallstone ileus refers to the impaction of a gallstone in the: | Small Bowel |
| The prognosis for patients with gallbladder carcinoma is ____, with _____% expected to die within one year of diagnosis, and ____% expected to survive 5 years after diagnosis. | Poor, 88%, 4% |
| The diagnostic imaging modality of choice for following the progress of liver malignancy is: | CT |
| What causes bile to be released into the duodenum? | Release of cholecytokinin when fatty foods are in stomach |
| Pancreatic cancer is characterized by: | -Poor prognosis, only 2% survival for 5 years following diagnosis -Difficult and delayed diagnosis despite painful symptoms -Limited treatment options because of surgical risks |
| The radiographic string sign is associated with which disease? | Regional Enteritis |
| The condition in which a gallstone erodes from the gallbladder through a fistula to the small bowel and eventually causes peristalsis to cease is: | Gallstone Ileus |
| Esophageal atresia is classified as a(n) _____ condition of the GI system. | Congenital |
| Celiac disease is a type of: | Malabsorption Syndrome |
| Patients with sprue or celiac disease should not eat: | Wheat Products |
| The upright abdomen radiograph reveals much gas throughout the distended small and large bowel loops. You suspect the patient has: | Adynamic Ileus |
| The upright abdomen radiograph reveals little or no gas in the large bowel and air-fluid levels in multiple small bowel loops. You suspect the patient has: | Mechanical Bowel Obstruction |
| Which of these is most likely to begin in the rectosigmoid area: | Ulcerative Colitis |
| The most common liver tumor is a(n): | Hemangioma |
| Patients with liver cirrhosis have a tendency to develop: | Ascites, Esophageal Varices, Jaundice |
| A patient with cirrhosis or hepatitis is most likely to develop | Medical (nonobstructive) jaundice |
| The modality of choice for visualization of gallbladder disease is: | Diagnostic Medical Sonography |
| What causes bile to be released into the duodenum? | Release of cholecytokinin when fatty foods are in stomach |
| Compared to a patient with bowel loops distended with gas (bowel obstruction), a patient with ascites would require _____ in exposure factors. | An Increase |
| Which of the following statements are true of colon cancer? | The majority of adenocarcinomas of the colon occur in the rectosigmoid area & The appearance of the "apple core" lesion is indicative of colon cancer |
| A twisting of bowel about its mesenteric base best refers to a(n): | Volvulus |
| The radiographic string sign is associated with which disease? | Regional Enteritis |
| An outpouching of the bowel wall caused by a weakening in its muscular layer is a(n): | Diverticulum |
| Esophageal varices are often the result of portal hypertension secondary to: | Liver Cirrhosis |
| If the patient is upright, air is normally seen in the _____ of the stomach. | Fundus |
| Crohn's Disease may occur anywhere in the bowel, but is most often found in the: | Terminal Ileum |
| Impairment of normal liver function might result in: | Jaundice |
| Zenker diverticulum is an example of a _______ diverticulum in the ________. | Pulsion; Proximal Esophagus |
| A perforated ulcer is a serious clinical condition because it can cause: | Peritonitis |
| A cathartic drug: | Stimulates defecation |
| Which of the following is more characteristic of hepatitis A than of hepatitis B? | More common form of the two |
| Which of the following procedures requires a Chiba needle? | PTC |
| Staghorn calculi are usually first demonstrated on: | Plain films of the abdomen |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true about renal calculi? | Renal colic causes referred pain into the subscapular are or the epigastrium |
| Horseshoe kidney is an anomaly of: | Fusion |
| Renal failure is characterized by the abnormal retention of _____ in the blood. | Urea |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true about neoplastic diseases of the urinary system? | Wilms' tumor is generally associated with elderly patients in renal failure |
| Gradual and chronic deterioration of the renal parenchyma eventually results in: | Renal Failure |
| Significant dilatation of the renal pelvis and calices as a result of an obstruction from a stone is characteristic of: | Hydronephrosis |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of intravenous urography(IVU)? | Contrast filling only a portion of the ureter is always an indication of pathology |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of urinary system anomalies? | Nephroptosis and pelic kidney are identical conditions |
| For which of the following would you NOT expect to see smaller kidney size? | Kidney with nephrocalcinosis |
| Hodgkin's disease affects what type of blood cells? | Lymphocytes |
| Reed-Sternberg cells are associated with what type of neoplastic disease? | Hodgkin's disease |
| The major difference between Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is: | Hodgkin's disease is generally retroperitoneal with less mesenteric involvement and NHL involves the mesentery |
| Which cells are most important in the development of immunity? | Lymphocytes |
| The majority of blood volume is comprised of: | Plasma |
| Bilirubin is formed during the destruction of: | Erythrocytes |
| Bone marrow transplants may be used as a treatment option for patients with: | Leukemia |
| A neoplastic disease of the plasma is: | Multiple myeloma |
| The most radiosensitive blood cells are the: | Lymphocytes |
| Which of the following situations involves the most serious medical complications? | Rh-positive father and Rh-negative mother produce an Rh-positive fetus (second pregnancy) |
| ESWL is used to: | Disintegrate renal stones |
| Gradual and chronic deterioration of the renal parenchyma eventually results in: | Renal Failure |
| Medical treatment designed to lower serum calcium levels is important in management of: | Nephrocalcinosis |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of urinary system anomalies? | Nephroptosis and pelic kidney are identical conditions |
| The most common renal disease overall is: | Pyelonephritis |
| The "cobra-head" radiographic sign is associated with: | Ureteroceles |
| Vesicoureteral reflux refers to the backward flow of urine into the: | Ureters |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true about renal calculi? | Renal colic causes referred pain into the subscapular are or the epigastrium |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of intravenous urography(IVU)? | Contrast filling only a portion of the ureter is always an indication of pathology |
| Which type of leukemia predominately affects children? | Acute lymphocytic |
| Kaposi's sarcoma is frequently associated with AIDS, and it may affect the: | Gastrointestinal system, Lymph nodes, Skin |
| The patient's lab report shows he has a low hematocrit level. This suggests a pathological process affecting his: | Number of circulating red blood cells |
| The most common renal disease overall is: | Pyelonephritis |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true about the anatomy and function of the urinary system? | The left kidney lies lower than the right because of the spleen's presence more superior to it |
| Significant dilatation of the renal pelvis and calices as a result of an obstruction from a stone is characteristic of: | Hydronephrosis |
| Vesicoureteral reflux refers to the backward flow of urine into the: | Ureters |
| Gradual and chronic deterioration of the renal parenchyma eventually results in: | Renal Failure |
| For which of the following would you NOT expect to see smaller kidney size? | Kidney with nephrocalcinosis |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of intravenous urography(IVU)? | Contrast filling only a portion of the ureter is always an indication of pathology |
| A malignant tumor of the kidney in young children is: | Nephroblastoma |
| A neoplastic disease of the plasma is: | Multiple myeloma |
| The major difference between Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is: | Hodgkin's disease is generally retroperitoneal with less mesenteric involvement and NHL involves the mesentery |
| The patient's lab report shows he has a low hematocrit level. This suggests a pathological process affecting his: | Number of circulating red blood cells |
| Which of the following neoplastic conditions are highly malignant and often occur in the cerebellum of children? | Medulloblastoma |
| Imaging studies performed on a nongravid female include: | Hysterosalpingography, IUD Localization, Pelvic Sonography |
| Physical signs of breast cancer include: | Nipple Discharge & Retraction, Peau d'Orange Appearance, Enlarged Axillary Lymph Nodes |
| Diagnosis of which type of neoplastic disease is often made via a Pap smear and confirmed by surgical biopsy? | Cervical Carcinoma |
| The congenital disorder resulting in a complete duplication of the uterus, cervix, and vagina is: | Uterus Didelphys |
| The most common site for an ectopic pregnancy is in the: | Uterine Tube |
| The formation of which of the following cystic ovarian masses may occur as part of the normal menstrual cycle? | Corpus Luteum Cysts, Follicular Cysts |
| The majority of breast masses (fibroadenoma & carcinoma) occur in which anatomical quadrant of the breast? | Upper Outer |
| All of the following may result in sterility EXCEPT: | Cystic Teratoma |
| The presence of excessive amniotic fluid is termed: | Polyhydramnios |
| Which type of malignant neoplasm of the testes is associated with the best prognosis? | Seminoma |
| If a pathology attacks the motor neurons only, the patient will be unable to: | Move a body part |
| The patient had a subarachnoid hemorrhage meaning that the bleeding was between the: | Pia mater and arachnoid |
| Ventricles in the brain are filled with: | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| The most common site for tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath (e.g., schwanoma) is on which cranial nerve? | 8 |
| The blood-brain barrier prevents passage of unwanted substances into the CNS through the cerebral: | Capillaries |
| The correct order of meninges from outermost to innermost is: | Dura Mater -- Arachnoid -- Pia Mater |
| The imaging modality of choice for demonstration of herniated nucleus pulposus has become: | MRI |
| Protrusion of both the spinal cord and the meninges into the skin of the back is a: | Meningomyelocele |
| Erosion of the sella turcica is most commonly associated with neoplasms of the: | Pituitary Gland |
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radstudent105
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