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Psych Part 4

Conscious Mind and Perception

QuestionAnswer
consciousness awareness of outside world and one's own mental processes thoughts feelings and perception. subjective. private. every-changing. self-reflective. keeps brain from overloading
neural basis of consciousness no single place where it resides. collection of largely separate but interactive infoprocessing model. by-product of the brain
preconscious mental events outside of awareness that can be retrieved
unconscious mental events kept out of the consciousness but that can affect behavior.
emotional uncnosciousness emphasis that emotinoal and motivational processes operate unconsciously and influence behavior
altered states of consciousnes sleep, hyponosis, drug abus, meditation
sleep state of consciousness. no knowledge of being in it until we wake up. slow breathing and irregular brain waives
sleep is regulated by process of falling asleep is by forebrain. rem is regulated by brain stem. limbic system are highly active druing rem
restoration model sleep recharges our run down bodies and allows us to recover physical and menta fatigue
evolutionary model sleep increases species chances of survival in relation to its environmental demands
stage 1 of sleep. theta waves. images of hallucination (sensory experiences occur without sensory stimuli). have senation of floating or falling
stage 2 of sleep spindles- rapid rhythmic brainwave activity. officially asleep. 20 minute duration. sleep talking can occur here
stage 3 and 4 delta waves. deep sleep. children wet beds, adults sleep walk. 40-45 minutes. heart and breathing rate slow.
when stage 4 ends the elctrical activity of the brain increases and the sleeper climbs back up through the stages in reverse order. 123432 then REM
rem sleep nearly an hour after you fall asleep. 10 minutes intially then more and more throughout night
active sleep (REM) heart rate rises, breathing rapid, every 30 seconds eyes move rapidly. motor cortex still active. brani stem blocks messages from body so essentially paralyzed. not easily awakened.
sleep cycles occur every 90 minutes. you are in rem 20-25 percent of the night
insomnia persistent problems in falling or staying asleep over an extended period of time
dreams hallucinations of the mind. can occur in any stage but mostly in REM \. some fake while others confused with reality
nightmares distrubing dreams that cause dreamer to wake up feeling anxious and or frigthtened
night terror sleep disorder. mostly kids. screaming, thrashing around. doublying of heart and breahting. occurs in stage 4
lucid dreams when you realizes you are dreaming
recurring dreams dreams that repeat themselsves with little variation in story or theme. unconsciuos conflict that needs to be resolved
prophetic dreams seem to tell the future. dreaming mind pieces things together that we normally overlook to create a dream
freuds things to dreams to guard sleep to fulfill wishes of the unconsious.
latent content the actual unconscious desires disguised and hidden in dreams
manifest content surgace story that dreamer report
dream work latent turns to manifest
alfred adler tools we use to solve our problems
activation synthesis theory no meaning. by-product of rem neural activity.brain is bombarded with stuff and so makes sense of them in works of dreams
activation componenet brain bombarded with neural activity
synthesis componenet brain tries to make sense of bombarded stuff
hyponisis an induced state of awareness, usually characterized by heightened suggestibility, deep relaxation, and highly focuses attentino
meditation a state of consciousness often indueced by focusing on a reptitive behavior, assuming certain body positinos, and minimizing external stimulation.
psychoactive drugs chemicals that affect mental processes and behavior by their effects on the brain
agonistic drugs increase activity of neurotransmitters
antagonistic drugs decreases activity of neurotransmitters
biological factor that affect drugs potnetial genetic role. influence sensitivity and tolerance to drugs
psychological factors that affect drugs have difficulty adjusting to life's demands and so vulnerable to drug addictino
environmental factors that affect drugs physical and social setting. behaviors of others
hallucinogens. LSD and marijuana. distort perception and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory stimuli. generally psychological dependence unknown physical dependence
depressants alcohol, heroin, barbiturates. calm neural activity and slow body functions. moderate to high physical and psychological dependence
stimulants cocaine, nicotine, ecstacy. excite neural activity and arouse body functinos. high physical and psychological dependence
opiates heroin, morphine. highly addictive. produce profound sense of wel being and have strong relieiving properties
physical dependence body adjusts and comes to need the drug for everyday functioning
psychological dependence desire to obtain or use a drug even with no physical dependence
tolerance reduced effectiveness of a drug after repeated use
addiction conditino in which a person continues to use a drug despites its adverse effects.
withdrawal a pattern of uncomfortabl or painful physical symptoms and cravings due to decreased amount or eliminated drug
whats the practical use of hypnosis pain reliever.
senations brain niterprets sensory stimuli as vision, sound, taste, feel
perception gives meaning to sensation
weber's law higher the intensity of the stimuli the higher the just noticeable difference
signal detection theory how we detect signal and make a judgement of the sensation
bottom up stimulation first and then brain interprets and understands it
top down brain has certain expectation, memories, and other cognitive factors linked to the sensation it is seeking
gestalt much of perception is shaped by innate factors built in the brain. patterns fo whole
figure ground figure is the part of the stimuli that demands attention while ground is the background
closure tendency to fill in gaps in figures and see complete figures
law of simliarity tend to group simliar objects together in perception
law of proximity tend to group close objects together
law of continuity we prefer connected and continuous figures
law of common fate tend to group simliar objects that share common motion or destination ( a school of fish)
law of pragnanz simplest organization requires least cognitive effort. we tend to see fully developed concepts
perceptual set readiness to detect a particular stimulus in a given context as when a person who is afraid interprets an unfamiliar sound as a threat
how does the sleep cycle pattern go stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, REM, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, REM, 2, 3, 2, REM, 2, 3, 2, REM, 2, REM, awake
sleep apnea a respiratory disorder in which the person intermittently stop breathing many times while asleep
Created by: LittleD331
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