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HF-Safety/prevention
safety and accident prevention
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Safety laws | 1. workers comp. and liability 2. OSHA and NIOSH 3. Product Liability Laws |
Workers comp and liability | compensation for on job injuries regardless of whose at fault |
NIOSH and OSHA | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
product liability | product has to state all possible warnings of product or could be sued for injuries not listed |
contributing factors of accidents | 1. individual characteristics 2. job characteristics 3. physical lighting |
FACTORS OF ACCIDENTS: individual characteristics | 1. age and gender 2. experience 3. extraneous factors (drugs, stress etc.) |
FACTORS OF ACCIDENTS: job characteristics | 1. equipment, tools, controls 2. electrical hazards 3. mechanical hazards 4. pressure (equip. under) 5. toxic substances |
FACTORS OF ACCIDENTS: physical environment | 1. lighting 2. noise and vibration 3. temperature and humidity 4. fire hazards |
human error- classification of types WHAT HAPPENED | 1. commission- do something we shouldnt have 2. omission- failure to act or do something |
human error- classification of types- WHY DID IT HAPPEN | 1. intended- -knowledge based mistakes- least amount of experience - rule based- selection of wrong rule 2. unintended- - slip- something didnt intend to do - lapse- did not intend not to do an action |
Hazard Identification and Control- Hazard Criticality and risk | look at impact and frequency of occurrence- design for every conceivable use and put warnings for all possible uses |
Hazard Identification- failure modes | what happens if system fails? Have we made allowances for this? |
Controlling hazards | 1. eliminate source 2. control hazard path 3. human control of hazard 4. administrative- procedure in place to avoid this |
Safety Management- Safety Programs | 1. identifying risks 2. implementing safety programs |
Risk Taking and Warnings- cognitive elements of risk taking | -percieve appraisal of hazard/injury - novelty of hazard- activity that is new to them ( not aware of risks) -voluntary exposure- are you choosing to participate? - familiarity of product to user |
Warnings and labels- design | -signal word (caution, warning, danger)usually red or yellow - hazard description- (toxic ) - consequences of hazard - avoidance behavior |