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Psy 313 final
Research Methods Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Know the four goals of science | Describe, explain, predict,influence |
| Develop hypotheses | what you think when your study is done: Single parents who work long hours in order to make ends meet, have a higher rate of teens engaging in |
| Independent Variable | the variable that is manipulated or varied by the researcher |
| Dependent Variable | the response that is measured |
| informed consent | consent by the patient to undergo the experiment, lists everything that will be done |
| debriefing | explaining everything that happened during the study |
| confidentiality | the state of keeping a secret |
| Benefience | Use knowledge in such a way that we benefit others and promote human welfare. |
| Nonmaleficence | Avoid causing harm to another person |
| Autonomy | The individual has the freedom to choose his or her own course of action. |
| Justice | Treat others equally and fairly and recognize and promote the worth and dignity of each person. |
| Fidelity | Be faithful, keep promises, and avoid deception in order to build trusting relationships between researcher and participant. |
| Categorical Variable | consists of different categories or classes (i.e., gender, ethnicity) |
| Continuous Variable | consists of different levels or values (i.e., age (in years), SAT scores, and Height) |
| Operational Definition | To identify in concrete terms how the variable will be measured. Creating an operational definition means applying concrete terms to an abstract concept. |
| Reliability | the consistency of a measure or the extent to which you get the same results using the measure repeatedly. |
| validity | A valid measure adequately assess the variable it was designed to measure |
| difference between reliability and validity? | one is getting a score, and the other is asking if we are really measuring what we want |
| non experimental method | a method of gathering data by using Questions |
| experimental method | the use of controlled observation and measurements to test hypothesis |
| Quantitative research | Involves assigning numerical codes to the data and analyzing these numerical codes. |
| Qualitative research | Numerical codes are not assigned. Instead, language and images are evaluated. |
| interviewer bias | interviewer persuades the participant to answer the question the way they want them |
| naturalistic observation | participants are observed in their natural setting |
| Systematic Observation | A systematic observation is an objective and organized means of gathering data to confirm or validate criteria |
| Sample | a subset of the population |
| population | all individuals of interest to the researcher |
| Haphazard Sampling | Researchers select whatever portion of the population is conveniently available. |
| Quota Sampling | Researchers select a sample that is similar to the population as a whole in specific characteristics |
| Simple Sampling | Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. |
| stratified sampling | subgroups of the population are identified,and participants are randomly selected to represent the subgroups |
| confound variable | anything that can manipulate our study that wasn't accounted for |
| internal validity | The extent that you can draw causal conclusions about your findings |
| repeated measures | when each participant participates in every measure of the study |
| pre-test | when the measures are administered to participants prior to any experimental manipulations. |
| post-test | when the measures are administered after the experimental manipulation takes place. |
| post test only design | Measure the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable |
| pre- and post-test | A pretest is given to each group prior to introduction of the experimental manipulation and then again after the experiment |
| Demand characteristics | using unrelated filler items as questions |
| expectancy effect | getting the results the researcher wants |
| factorial design | design with more than one independent variable |
| main effects | The effect of each independent variable (by itself) on the dependent variable |
| interaction | when the effects of one independent variable (on the dependent variable) interact with the other independent variable |
| manipulated variables | Experimental variables |
| non manipulated variable | These are correlational variables, such as subject characteristics |
| nominal |
Created by:
alied91
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