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chapter 12 ps
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| define atom | The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substence |
| define isotope | an atom that has the same nuber of protton as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons and therefor a differet mass number |
| define ion | a charged particle that forms when and atom or group of atoms gains (negative) or loses (positive) one or more electrons |
| the mass number equals the total number of | protons,neutrons |
| define electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge and surrounds the nucleus.Discoverd by thomson |
| define neutron | a subatomic particle that had no charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| define proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| what is the electron cloud | a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found |
| define nucleus | an atoms central region which is made up of protons and neutrons |
| how did mendeleev arrange the periodic table | he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass |
| peridoic means | happing at regular intervals |
| what does the periodic law state | that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the elements atomic number |
| Vertical columns on the periodic table are called | groups or families |
| horizontal rows (lef to right) on the periodic table are called | periods |
| what is affected by the location of an element within a period | physical and chemical properties |
| were are metals located on the peridoc table | to the left of the sigzag line |
| were are metalloids located on the peridoc table | on the zigzag line |
| were are nonmetals located on the peridoc table | to the right of the zigzagline |
| what are some properties of metal | shiny,ductile,malleable and good conductors |
| what are some properties of nonmetals | dull and brittle if soilds, not malleable, ductile |
| how is physical state of an element represented on many periodic tables | the color of the chemical symbol |
| how is the modern peridoic table arranged | in order of increasin atomic number of the number of protons |
| how many naturally accurring elements are there on earth | 91 |
| were is the mass number located for each element of the perioic table what dose the number represent | at the bottom of each elements square; the total number of protons and neutrons in a neutral atom of that element |
| were is the lanthanides group on the peridoc table | at the bottom first row and is made up of shiny and reactive metals |
| were is actinides gruop on the peridoc table | at the bottom secend row and is made up of radioactive or unstable things |
| what is the most abundant element in the univers | hydrogen |
| where are the transition metals located | groups 3-12 on the periodic table; tend to be shiny and coduct thermal energy and electric current |
| carbon family | it is a nonmetal and can be found uncombined in nature it has 4 valence electrons |
| halogens | nonmetals with 7 valence electrons; very reactive poor conductors |
| alkali metals | metals with 1 valence electron group #1 most reactive metals because they easily give away one outer level electron |
| alkali earth metals | metals with 2 valence electrons group # 2 less reactive tha alkali metals |
| the first energy level of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons | 2 |
| the second energy level can hol up to _____ electrons | 8 |
| define valence electrons | an electrons that is foun in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atoms chemical properties |
Created by:
rountree8
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