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XR 102
XR 102 Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the most common infractions of safety rules as stated by fire marshals? | blocked fire exits, doors blocked open, equipment stored in corridors, improper storage of flammable items, improper use of extension cords |
| if there is a fire in your immediate area, what is your primary responsibility? | evacuate everyone from the immediate area |
| when considering body mechanics, what are the guidelines? | provide a broad base of support, work at a comfortable height, when lifting bend your knees and keep your back straight, keep your load well balanced and close to your body, roll or push a heavy load, avoid pulling or lifting |
| what can you do for a patient that is in the supine position, who is suffering from abdominal strain. | elevate the head, place a bolster under the knees |
| what can you do for a patient in the supine position who is complaining of being SOB? | place the patient in the Fowler's position |
| How should you assist a patient from the supine position, to a seated position? | roll the patient into a lateral recumbent position, then assist the patient into a seated position |
| Who's responsibility is it to check the integrity of transportation equipment? | the person that will be transporting the patient |
| in the case of any injury or accident at work, what should you do? | fill out an incident report |
| class microorganism | bacteria, virus, protozoa, fungi, prions |
| droplet nuclei is transmitted by | airborn contamination |
| what term refers to any medium that transports microorganisms? | vehicle |
| what are some examples of fomites in the radiology department? | flim, table, upright bucky, positioning sponges, pillow cases, |
| what are some common diseases are spread via droplet contamination? | influenza, meningitis, diphtheria, pertussis, streptococcal pneumonia |
| what are some common diseases are spread via airborne contamination? | TB, rubeola (measles), varicella (chickenpox) |
| An MA that does not change linens between patients is providing an opportunity for what means of transmission in the exam room? | fomite transmission |
| what is the term used to describe a blueish coloration of the skin caused by lack of oxygen supply | cyanosis |
| hot dry skin is an indication of what acute medical condition? | a fever |
| which method of obtaining patient temperature provides the highest reading? | rectal method |
| an electric steam chamber that seals tightly to achieve high temperatures under pressure, and is used to sterilize items quickly | autoclave |
| what is the normal range for an oral temperature? | 96.8-99.6'F |
| what is the term used to describe a fast heart rate of over 100 bpm | tachycardia |
| what is the most common site to palpate the pulse? | on the lateral side of the anterior wrist, on the radial artery |
| what is the term used to describe difficulty breathing? | dyspnea |
| when taking an apical pulse, which piece of equipment must be used? | a stethescope |
| what is the term for the top number on a blood pressure measurement | systolic |
| what is the term for the bottom number on a blood pressure measurement? | diastolic |
| what does the diastolic pressure indicate? | the ability of the arteries to accept the blood that has been pumped from the heart |
| what does the systolic pressure indicate? | the pumping action of the heart muscle itself |
| what does the term hypertension mean? | abnormally high blood pressure |
| sudden intense chest pain, often described as a "crushing pain" is a cardinal symptom of | a heart attack |
| what term is used to describe a continuous abnormal blood flow | hemorrhage |
| the term used to describe a sever allergic reaction is | anaphylaxis |
| a patient presents with the following symptoms, what is your diagnosis? fruity smelling breath, copious urine, terrible thirst | the patient is approaching a diabetic coma |
| what is the medical term for a stroke? | cerebrovascular accident |
| what are the warning signs of a stroke? | slurred speech, severe HA, temporary LOC, extreme dizziness, muscle weakness on one or both sides, difficulty in vision or deviation of the eye, deviation of the tongue |
| when suspecting a stroke, you should think FAST...what does FAST stand for? | face, arms, smile, time |
| what is the medical term for fainting | syncope |
| what are some common symptoms of shock? | restlessness and a sense of apprehension, increased pulse rate, pallor accompanied by weakness or a change in thinking ability, cool clammy skin, a drop in BP below 30 mmHg |
| what is the name of the drug category that is used to relieve pain? | analgesics |
| what is the primary effect of an emetic drug? | induce vomiting |
| what is the name of the drug category that is used to treat mild to moderate allergic reactions? | antihistamines |
| what is the name of a common local anesthetic? | lidocaine |
| What are some possible causes of hyperglycemia, impending diabetic coma? | food consumption over dietary allowance, fever, infection, stress, insufficient insulin |
| the principle role of the MA in medication administration involves | preparing the medication for administration, and monitoring the patient after it has been given |
| when extravasation occurs as a result of intravenous injection, what should you do? | remove the needle, stop any bleeding, apply a cold pack to help alleviate pain |
| what term is used to indicate when IV fluids are accidentally injected into surrounding tissues, and not into the vein? | extravasation |
| standard precautions are used when drawing blood specimens to avoid the risk of | transmitting blood-borne infections to the health care worker |
| poisonous refuse or waste that is dangerous to living creatures is termed | biohazardous |
| contaminated needles must be disposed of where? | a sharps container |
| what is the name of the signed document required for experimental or substantial risk procedures? | informed consent |
| what is the proper method to hand an image for viewing? | superior anatomy up, as if the patient is facing the viewer, as if the patient is in anatomical positiong |
| what is the proper method to hand an AP projection of the foot? | with the toes facing up, as if you were looking down on your own feet |
| radiographs made with the patient in what position are usually hung horizontally | decubitus |
| what causes an area of unexposed film at the top or the bottom of a radiograph | the CR is not aligned to the IR |
| the term ethics is defined as | rules that apply values and morals standards to our actions |
| the document that sets forth the standards of correct behavior within a profession is called | a code of ethics |
| what are some types of intentional misconduct | assault, battery, invasion of privacy, defamation of character |
| true statements regarding informed consent: | informed consent may be revoked at any time, the patient must be legally competent to sign, the physician that signs the consent must be the same physician that is going to perform the exam |
| written information that reflects negatively on a person's character is called | libel |
| forms of battery: | touching the patient without consent, threatening the patient |
| performing and xray against a patients will is a form of | assault |
| respondeat superior means | let the master answer |
| a case involving obvious negligence would be defined by the doctrine of | respondeat superior |
| patient transfers from a cart to an xray table and back should be performed | by 1 person, however if the patient is paralyzed or unable to stand, 2-3 people should be utilized for this transfer |
| direct contact allows an infectious organism to move from | the susceptible host directly to the infected person |
| an example of a vector is | mosquitos, fleas, ticks, animals, people |
| common vehicle transmission involves | food, water, medications, equipment |
| airborne transmission of infection may occur as a result of contact with | droplets and dust |
| a system that emphasizes the placement of barriers between health care workers and the patients is called | standard precaustions |
| the most effective method used to prevent the spread of infection is | hand washing |
| when should needles be re-capped? | NEVER NEVER NEVER NEVER, DID YOU HEAR ME? NEVER |
| hands should be washed | after contact with each patient, and before touching equipment and other patients |
| the process of eliminating as many organism as possible by the use of water and chemical disinfectants is called | medical asepsis |
| the process of eliminating ALL organisms from the environment by the use of gas sterilization, use of germicides, or the use of dry heat is called | surgical asepsis |
| what piece of equipment do we use to measure blood pressure? | sphygmomanometer |
| when oxygen is administered, the usual rate is | 5-7 L per minute |
| the device that contains all of the instruments and medications necessary for dealing with cardiac respiratory arrest is called | the crash cart |
| what acute emergent condition is caused by a loss of a large amount of blood or plasma | hypovolemic shock |
| what causes blood to pool in peripheral blood vessel? | neurogenic shock |
| what follows an allergic reaction to foreign proteins? | anaphylaxis |
| what is the first thing you should do when you suspect a patient may be going into shock? | place the patient in the trendelenburg position |
| some common features of good charting: | accurate, pertinent, legible, concise |
| what is the normal retention time for xrays in the hospital or doctors office? | 7 years |
| what is the function of a vasodilator? | relax or dilate the walls of blood vessels |
| normal BP | 120/80 |
| average pulse of an adult | 72 bpm |
| normal range of respirations for an adult | 12-20 per min |
| what does syncope mean? | fainting |
| what does dyspnea mean? | difficulty breathing |
| a crushing pain in the chest is related to which emergency condition? | heart attack |
| what is the layman's term for a cerebrovascular accident | stroke |
| FAST | face, arms, smile, time |
| RACE | rescue, alarm, contain, evacuate |
| the 7 C's of malpractice | competence, compliance, charting, communication, confidentiality, courtesy, carefulness |
| the 6 right's of medication administrations | right dose, right meds, right patient, right time, right route, right documentation |
| what are the 4 levels of consciousness? | alert and conscious (or oriented), drowsy but responsive, unconscious but reactive to pain, comatose |
| what is the most important thing you can do for a patient who is having a seizure? | keep them away from harm |
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cambridgeuniversity
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