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SIUE SOP P1
Vitamins&Minerals/Deficiency Symptoms
| Vitamin/Mineral | Deficiency Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Thiamine (B1) | Beriberi (polyneuritis, tachycardia, edema) |
| Riboflavin (B2) | Glossitis (loss of tongue papillae), dermatitis |
| Niacin (B3) | Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia), glossitis |
| Pyridoxine (B6) | Deficiency rare; overdose produces neurologic symptoms |
| Biotin (H) | Dermatitis, nausea, anorexia |
| Folic acid(B9) | Megaloblastic anemia without nerve degeneration; sprue, glossitis |
| Cobalamin (B12) | Megaloblastic anemia (most common in pregnant women) with nerve degeneration |
| Ascorbic acid (C) | Scurvy (blood vessel fragility, impaired wound healing) |
| Pantothenic acid (B5) | Not described in humans |
| Vitamin A (retinol) | Night blindness (xerophthalmia), dry skin |
| Vitamin D (calcitriol) | Rickets (soft pliable bones) in children; osteomalacia (demineralization of bones) in adults |
| Vitamin E (tocopherol) | Erthrocyte hemolysis, especially in newborns |
| Vitamins K | Prolonged coagulation time; deficiency rare (oral antibiotics produce temporary deficiency) |
| Calcium | Paresthesias (pins and needles), muscular excitability, cramps, bone fractures |
| Phophorus | Deficiency rare; secondary hypophosphatemia leads to skeletal deformities, muscular weakness, increased hemolysis |
| Magnesium | Neuromuscular excitability, paresthesia |
| Sodium | Deficiency unknown; excess: hypertension in susceptible individuals |
| Potassium | Muscular weakness, mental confusion; excess leads to cardiac arrest |
| Chloride | Primary deficiency unknown; secondary deficiency due to diarrhea & vomiting |
| Iron | Anemia; excess leads to hemochromatosis |
| Zinc | Hypogonadism; impaired growth, wound healing, sense of taste and smell |
| Chromium | Impaired glucose tolerance |
| Copper | Anemia |
| Iodine | Thyrotoxidosis, goiter |
| Manganese | Deficiency unknown |
| Selenium | Reduced glutathione peroxidase, Keshan disease |
Created by:
eyurcisin
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