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Pharm - Mneumonics
Mneumonics for pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hyperkalemia Causes | M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis I - Intake - Excesssive N - Nephrons, renal failure E - Excretion - Impaired |
| Hyperkalemia S/S | M - muscle weakness U - urine, oliguria, anuria R - respiratory distress D - decreased cardiac contractility E - ecg changes R - reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid) |
| Acidosis / Alkalosis | R Respiratory O Opposite ph > PCO2 < Alkalosis ph < PCO2 > Acidosis M Metabolic E Equal ph> HCO3 > Alkalosis ph< HC03 < Acidosis |
| Hyponatremia S/S | S tupor/coma A norexia, N&V L ethargy T endon reflexes decreased L imp muscles (weakness) O rthostatic hypotension S eizures/headache S tomach cramping |
| Heart Sounds | S3= Heart fail-ure (3 syllables) S4=Hy-per-ten-sion (4 syllables) |
| Anticholinergics S/S | Can't see Can't pee Can't spit Can't -defecate |
| Changes Cognition / Behavior | [*]D: Drugs and alcohol [*]E: Eyes and ears—disorientation [*]M: Medical disorders— [*]E: Emotional and psychological disturbances [*]N: Neurological disorders [*]T: Tumors and trauma [*]I: Infections— [*]A: Arteriosclerosis |
| Immunization S/S | F- Fever I- Itching S- Stiffness H- Headache E- Edema R- Redness F- Fussy L- Localized Tenderness A- Appetite decrease G- General Aches Pains |
| WHUTN- "Whutnthehell?" | W- Wheezing H- Hypotension U- Uticaria T- Tachycardia N- Nasal Decongestion |
| Parkinson's Medications: "Ali Loves Boxing Matches" | A-Amantadine L- Levodopa B- Bromocriptine M- MAO inhibitors |
| Hypernatremia - S A L T | skin flushed agitation low grade fever thirst |
| Hypernatremia - F R I E D | fever, flushed skin restless increased fluid retention edema decreased urine output, dry mouth |
| PT | Coumadin |
| PTT | Heparin |
| NSAIDS meds | N - Naproxen S - Salicylates A - Advil I - Ibuprofen D - Diclofenac S - Sulinclac |
| 8 A's for Hepatotoxic Drugs | Antituberculosis Anticonvulsant Anticancer Aspirin Alcohol Antifamily (contraceptives) Acetaminophen Aflatoxins |
| 3 ICP waveforms | A is awful, B is bad and C is common |
| Glasgow Coma Scale | #'s go low to high, with head to toe: eye, mouth, motor |
| Glasgow Coma Scale (ranges) | 1. Eye opening (1-4) 2. Verbal response (1-5) 3. Best Motor response (1-6) |
| Glasgow Coma Scale (response) | If they're <8, they intubate! |
| Pinpoint pupils: Drugs, drops & nearly dead | Drugs: opiates Drops: meds for glaucoma Nearly dead: damage in the pons area of the brainstem |
| Dilated pupils: Fear, Fits & Fast Living | Fear: panic, extreme anxiety Fits: seizures Fast Living: cocaine, crack, phencyclidine (PCP) |
| ARDS Pathophysiology | A- ssault on the respiratory system R- espiratory distress D- ecreased lung compliance S- evere respiratory failure |
| ARDS - Diagnostic Criteria | A - cute onset R- atio (PaCO2/FiO2) <200 D- iffuse infiltration S- wan-Ganz wedge pressure (PAWP) <18mm Hg |
| Calculating MAP: | 1 Systolic + 2 Diastolic divided by 3 |
| MONA greets all MI's | Morphine Oxygen Nitroglycerin Aspirin (CHEWED) |
| Thrombolytic therapy: The 3 B's | Bleeding Brady's (dysrhythmias) Bloodclots (d/t excessive thrombin) |
| Atrial Arrhythmias: ABCDE | Adenosine/amiodorone or anticoagulate (if Afib/Flutter has been present >48h) Beta blockers Calcium channel blockers Digoxin Electrocardiovert (if <48h) |
| Ventricular arrhythmias: AL | Amiodorone Lidocaine |
| Steroids - "The 5 S’s | sick, sad, sex, salt and sugar |
| Congestive Heart Failure - UNLOAD FAST | U pright sitting N itroglycerin L asix O xygen A minophylline D igoxin, F luids (decrease) Afterload (decrease) Sodium (decrease) Tests (digoxin level, ABG, K+) |
| Serotonin Syndrome - MAD FAITH | M ental confusion A gitation D iaphoresis F ever A nxiety I ncoordination / Hyperflexia T remors H allucinations |
| Biphosphonate - Osteoporosis MED HASH | C alcium (no!) H yperparathyroidism A mbulate 30 min. S ight - blurry / pain E sophagitis D ental (no!) H H20 w/full glass before breakfast A Antacids (no!) M usculoskeletal Pain |
| ACE Inhibitors - HAD CORN | H yperkalemia A ngioedema D ysgeusia (altered taste) C ough O rthostatic Hypotension (1st dose) N eutropenia (WBC 2wk / 3mo) |
| Hypothyroidism S/E PTU DIME SWABS | D rowsiness I ntolerance to Cold M enorrhea E dema S edation W eight (gain) A norexia B radycardia S kin (dry) |
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