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Ciccarelli & White C
Chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Motivation | The process by which activities are started , directed , and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met |
| Extrinsic Motivation | Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is sepertated from or external to the person |
| Intrinsic Motivation | Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner |
| Instincts | The biologically determined and innate patterns of behvaior that exist in both people and animals |
| Need | A requirement of some material such as (food or water) that is essential for survival organism |
| Drive | A psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivated the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension |
| Primary Drive | Those drive that involves needs of the body such as hunger and thirst |
| Acquired (Secondary) Drive | Those drives that are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval |
| Homeostasis | The tendacy of the body to maintain a steady sate |
| Need for Achievement | A need that involes a srong desire to succeed in attaining goels, not only realistic ones but also challening ones |
| Need for Affiliation | The need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others |
| Wants | Our desires |
| Stimuls Motive | A motive that appears to be unlearned but causes an increase in stimulation, such as curiosity |
| Arousal Theory | Theory of Motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level of tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation |
| Yerkes Dodson Law | levels of arousal |
| Sensation Seeker | someone who needs more arousal than the average person |
| Incentives | Things that attract of lure people into action |
| Self-Actulization | According to Maslow , the point that is seldom reached at which people have sufficently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential |
| Peak Experience | According to Maslow times in a person's life during which selfactulization is temporarily achieved |
| Self-Determination Theory | Theory of Human motivation in which the social context of an action has an effect on the type of motivation existing for the action |
| Emotion | The feeling aspect of consiousness,charaterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals emotion to the outside world and inner awareness of feelings |
| Display Rules | Learned ways of controlling display of emotions in social settings |
| Common-Sense Theory | I'm shaking because I'm afraid |
| James-Lange Theory | I'm afraid becasue I'm shaking |
| Cannon-Bard Theory | I'm shaking and feeling afraid at the same time |
| Schachter-Singer Theory | This snarling dog is dangerous and that makes me afraid |
| Facial Feed Back | Emotion that assumes that facial expression provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed, which in turn causes and intensifies the emotion |
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