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Where did the concept of citizenship/democracy begin?
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is Latin for "out of many one" found on American coins
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Civics Midterm Exam
Civics Midterm Review- CH 1-16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where did the concept of citizenship/democracy begin? | Ancient Greece & Rome |
| is Latin for "out of many one" found on American coins | E Plurbius Unum |
| Which theory believes that U.S. society is best served when people abandon tehir cultural differences and are assimilated into society? | Meliting Pot |
| Which theory believes U.S. society benefits most when people keep their cultural identities-multiculturalism | Tossed Salad Theory |
| a legal process in which foreigners become citizens | Naturalization |
| What can legal aliens NOT do? | vote, serve on juries, and hold government jobs |
| Which government position can never be held by an immigrant? | president |
| What is the name of the law enforcement unit of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services? | Border Patrol |
| government based on religion | Theocracy |
| When U.S. citizens elect members of Congress, they are practicing... | Representative Democracy |
| things we are required to do by law: serve on juries, attend school, register for the draft, pay taxes, obey laws | duties |
| Which region used the plantation system for farming, relying on slave labor? | Southern |
| Which region depneded on shipbuilding? | New England |
| What was the name of the route taken by slaves from Africa to the Americas? | Middle Passage |
| Which colony was founded by James Oglethorpe as a refuge for debtors and a military outpost against the Spanish in Florida? | Georgia |
| Which document introduced the idea of limited government, by restricting the power of the king and granting nobles’ the right to trial by jury? | Magna Carta |
| This was the first permanent English settlement founded in 1607. It created the House of Burgesses the first representative legislature in the colonies. | Jamestown |
| This colony was formed by Lord Baltimore for the Catholics. | Maryland |
| He was an English philosopher that developed the idea of natural rights and social contract theory? | John Locke |
| Forbid the colonist from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. | Proclamation of 1763 |
| This war caused Britain to begin taxing the colonists to pay off its war debts. | French and Indian War |
| Slogan created by James Otis colonists believed British taxes were unfair because they did not have any representatives in Parliament. It led to a boycott that eventually helped lead to the act being repealed. | “No Taxation Without Representation” |
| What acts were passed by Parliament to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party? | Intolerable/Coercive Acts |
| Who published Common Sense, a pamphlet calling for complete independence from Britain? | Thomas Paine |
| What were the first battles of the Revolutionary War, known as the “shot heard round the world”? | Lexington and Concord |
| Who wrote the the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| What was the name of the "Lost Colony" ? | Roanoke |
| Who was the first child of English parents to be born on American soil? | Virginia Dare |
| Which farmer’s rebellion showed that we needed a stronger government than the one established by the Articles of Confederation? | Shay's Rebellion |
| Why did delegates to the Constitutional Convention originally meet? | to revise the Articles of Confederation |
| Who was known as the “Father of the Constitution”? He created the Virginia Plan and was a main writer of the Federalist Papers? | James Madison |
| The Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because it did not include a.... | bill of rights |
| What is needed for ratification of an amendment? | approval of 3/4 of state legislatures |
| powers of the national/federal government like declaring war | Expressed Powers |
| powers shared between the state and national/federal government like taxation | Concurrent Powers |
| powers of the state government like regulating prisons | Reserved Powers |
| What event began the Civil Rights Movement? | Rosa Parks & the Montgomery Bus Boycott |
| RAPPS: Freedom of Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition and Speech | 1st Amendment |
| limits searches and seizures; police need a warrant | 4th Amendment |
| due process of the law, protection against self-incrimination, prevents double jeopardy | 5th Amendment |
| right to a lawyer | 6th Amendment |
| reserved powers to the state | 10th Amendment |
| abolishes slavery | 13th Amendment |
| voting rights for African American males | 15th Amendment |
| suffrage for women | 19th Amendment |
| lowers the voting age to 18 (due to Vietnam War, draft | 26th Amendment |
| students could continue wearing armbands to protest the Vietnam War | Tinker v. DesMoines |
| suspects must be read their rights when arrested- right to remain silent etc. | Miranda v. Arizona |
| right to a court appointed lawyer in criminal cases | Gideon v. Wainwright |
| evidence seized from a person’s residence without a search warrant cannot be used in trial- exclusionary rule. | Mapp v. Ohio |
| established judicial review- the power of the Supreme Court to say whether any law goes against the Constitution | Marbury v. Madison |
| desegregated public schools; overturned the “separate but equal” doctrine | Brown v. Board |
| an oddly shaped district designed to increase the voting strength of a particular group | Gerrymander |
| population count taken every ten years | census |
| the right of members of Congress to send work-related mail without paying postage | Franking Privilege |
| government project or grant that primarily benefits a particular home district or state | pork barrel projects |
| Who would assume the presidency if both the president and vice president died? | Speaker |
| Who is the official leader of the Senate? He only votes to break a tie. | Vice President |
| A president can kill legislation by doing nothing for 10 days while Congress is not in session, in a move known as a .... | pocket veto |
| Who must approve presidential treaties and nominees for high ranking positions? | Senate |
| Which house chooses the president if no candidate receives a majority of the electors? | House |
| an official representative of a country's government | ambassador |
| an agreement among a froup of nations that prohibits them from trading with a target nation | embargo |
| a group of people who elect the president and vice president | Electoral College |
| What are the three requirements needed to be president of the U.S.? | 35 yrs old, native born citizen, and a resident of the U.S. for 14 yrs |
| Who has the power to declare war? | Congress |
| Who is the only president to serve more than two terms in office? | Franklin Roosevelt |
| The most important job of the president is to carry out the nation's laws as... | Chief Executive |
| the last cabinet office to be added in 2002 in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks | Dept. of Homeland Security |
| List the three levels of federal courts | District, Appeals, and Supreme |
| In which types of court do federal trials and lawsuits usually begin? | District |
| Who chooses US Supreme Court Justices? How long do they serve? | President/Life Terms |
| What is the name of North Carolina’s state legislature? | General Assembly |
| What is the main job of the state legislature? | Make/Create Laws |
| What does the lottery fund? | Education |
| Who is the chief executive of state government? | Governor |
| Who does the governor control in his commander-in-chief role? | National Guard |
| Who chooses N.C. judges and justices? | Voters |
| Serious crimes and civil cases involving more than $10,000 are heard in which N.C. court? | Superior Court |
| Which court hears death penalty appeals in N.C.? | NC Supreme Court |
| a series of statements expressing the party’s principles, beliefs and positions | platform |
| system used to elect the president and vice president | Electoral College |
| an election in which voters choose candidates to represent each party in a general election | primary |
| Which leader’s Farewell Address warned Americans about the harmful effects of political parties, believing they would cause divisions in government? | George Washington |
| The U.S. has a ______________ system of government. | two-party |
| Who was the only third party candidate to finish second in a presidential election? | Theodore Roosevelt |
| How do we determine the number of electors for each state? | Senators + Representatives |
| What were the nation's first two poltical parites? | Federalists & Democratic-Republicans |
| What was the first known system of written law? | Code of Hammurabi |
| Which French leader updated the Code of Justinian in 1804? | Napoleon Bonaparte |
| serious crimes like murder, rape, or kidnapping | Felonies |
| less serious crimes like littering | Misdemeanors |
| about 95% of criminal trials in the US are for violations of ___________________ laws. | State |
| a person accused of a crime and found not guilty may not be tried a second time | Double Jeopardy |
| the party bringing charges against the alleged criminal | Plaintiff |
| person charged with a crime | Defendant |
| to formally charge someone of a crime | Indictment |
| early release from prison | Parole |
| court order commanding a person or group to stop a certain action | Injunction |
| Juveniles receive many of the same rights as adults, EXCEPT | Trial by Jury |
Created by:
tsparks