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antibiotics unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal antibiotics? | Bacteriocidal kills bacteria; Bacteriostatic inhibits the growth of bacteria |
| What is superinfection? | An infection following a previous infection |
| Are antibiotics effective against viruses? | No |
| What is penicillinase? | Enzyme created by resistant bacteria that breaks down penicillin |
| How is HIV transmitted? | Through sexual contact, exchange of bodily fluid, and at birth from mother to child |
| What is autoimmune disease? | When the immume system mistakenly attacks itself |
| What is drug resistance? | A microorganism's ability to live and grow in the presence of an anti-infective / antimicrobial drug. |
| What are the two forms of immunity? | Natural and acquired |
| What is the difference between g+ and g- bacteria? | G+ has less substantial cell wall and allows gram stain to enter the cell. G- has substantial cell wall and does now allow gram stain to enter the cell. |
| What is broad spectrum antibiotic? | Acts against both g+ and g- bacteria. |
| How many stages of AIDS progression are there? | Five |
| What are the classes of HIV drugs? | Vaccine (not yet created), attachment inhibitors (not yet created), and inhibitors |
| How do you prevent drug resistance? | Avoid unnecessary antibiotic use in humans and animals, use most specific antibiotic possible, and complete antibiotic regimen. |
| Whar is one of the first lines of defense against foreign invaders? | Nonspecific defenses |
| What are the symptoms of a penicillin allergy? | Uticaria and anaphylaxis |
| What are adverse effects of antibiotics? | Gastrointestinal distress, increase in yeast infections, and hypersensitivity reactions |
| What do penicillins do? | Bind to "penicillin binding proteins" in bacterial cell walls which results in cell lysis. |
| What are penicillin drugs? | Penicillin G, Penicillin VK, and amoxicillin |
| Which drug is not effective orally and infrequently prescribed? | Penicillin G |
| Which drugs are similar to penicillins? | Cephalosporin antibiotics |
| What are cephalosporin drugs? | Cephalexin, cefuroxime, and cefprozil |
| What do macrolide antibiotics do? | Newer class of bacteriostatic drugs that inhibit the synthesis at the ribosomal level |
| What are macrolide drugs? | Erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin |
| Which drug is useful in the treatment of lyme disease and has a long half life? | azithromycin |
| What do aminoglycoside antibiotics do? | Inhibit protein synthesis |
| What are aminoglycoside drugs? | Cortisporin otic and tobradex |
| Which antibiotics shouldn't be used in elderly patients? | Aminoglycoside antibiotics |
| What is the DOC for intracellular infections? | Tetracycline antibiotics |
| What should you know about tetracycline antibiotics? | Can't be taken with food, milk, or antacids and are contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, and children under 8 years old due to bone formation disruption |
| Which drug is the most active tetracycline and useful in meningitis? | Minocycline |
Created by:
caseytessmer
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