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Psyc ch. 6
Psychology exam ch. 5,6,7,8
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Awareness of one's surroundings and of what's on one's mind at a given moment (environment and thoughts) | Consciousness |
Monitoring of information from the environment and from one's own thoughts | Awareness |
Degree of alertness, reflecting whether a person is awake or asleep | Wakefulness |
Barely awake or aware | Minimal Consciousness |
Eyes closed and unresponsive | Coma |
Unresponsive, yet show deliberate movements | vegetative state |
Just below conscious thought | Moderate consciousness |
Potentially accessible info but not currently aware | Freud's preconscious |
consciousness that waxes and wanes throughout the day | full consciousness |
state of involvement that one loses a sense of time | flow |
heightened awareness of the present | mindfulness |
Ability to focus awareness on specific features in the environment while ignoring others | selective attention |
Two messages received, one in each ear. Recall is better for the ear that is attended to | Dichotic listening tasks |
Filter out noises until you hear your name | Cocktail party effect |
Failure to notice unexpected objects in our surroundings | inattentional blindness |
Don't notice potential distracters when a primary task consumes all of our attentional capacity | perceptual load model |
Ability to maintain focused awareness on a target or idea | sustained attention |
Detect one letter among a string of letters presented, one after another | Continuous Performance |
Sitting and focusing on breathing | concentration meditation |
pay attention to details in present movement Appears to: -Enhance well-being -Reduce stress -Improve phys. health | Mindfulness meditation |
Substances that alter consciousness | Psychoactive drugs |
Use a drug compulsively | Psychological dependence |
Continued use of a drug and dependence | Addiction |
Alcohol, sedatives, opioids, slow body system | Depressants |
Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, ecstasy; increases alertness and heart rate, nervousness | Stimulants |
LSD, marijuana; alters mood, euphoric feelings, distorted time | Hallucinogens |
Variations in 24-hour physiological processes | Circadian rhythms |
Internal Clock | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) |
Waves when you are fully awake | Beta waves |
Waves when you are drowsy and relaxed | Alpha waves |
Waves when you sleep, stage 1, 2, and 3 | Theta waves |
Quick movements of the eye that occur during sleep, thought to mark phases of dreaming | Rapid Eye Movement (REM) |
The function of sleep helps: | Restore neural growth, consolidates memory, and produces enzymes that protect against cellular damage |
How much sleep we owe our bodies | Sleep debt |
Sleep disorder in which it takes more than 20 min to fall asleep, not staying asleep, not feeling rested | Insomnia |
Sleep disorder in which pauses in breathing occur that last from a few sec. to a few min. | Sleep apnea |
sleep disorder where you get up and perform tasks | sleepwaking |
Sleep disorder where you fall asleep at inappropriate times | Narcolepsy |
Sleep disorder where you get 10 or more hours of sleep for 2 weeks | Hypersomnia |
Succession of images, thoughts, and feelings we experience while asleep | Dreams |
Surface level, recalled upon waking | Manifest level |
Deeper, unconscious level, where the true meaning lies in a dream | Latent level |
Man who created the psychoanalytic theory | Sigmund freud |
Aim theory | Activation, Input, Mode; three biologically based dimensions of consciousness |
Dreams are not that different from every day thinking | Cognitive theory |
Aware of and can control your dream | Lucid Dream |