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How Drugs Work Ref
CMA
| Drugs | Reference |
|---|---|
| Antianginals | Heart muscle connot work s- a supply of H2O. Meds > the ammount of blood & H2O to the heart muscle by causing coronary arteries to dilate; includes beta blackers, calcium channel blockers,& vasodilators. |
| Antiarrhythmics | Heart not beating in regular rhythm, not being able to pump effectively. Meds are given to regulate heartbeat, act on nerve impulses. Also < heartbeat & < BP. Must check vitals before giving meds. |
| Anticoagulants | "aginst blood clots" To treat or prevent heart attack, stroke, & bloodclots. Observe for tarry stools, bleeding gums, rectum or vagina, & gums. 2 types of test: INR & prothrombin time (Pro-time) Antiplatelet makes platelets less sticky. |
| Antihyperlipidemics | "against high fat in the blood" To treat high cholesterol & triglycerides in blood. Should eat less of all fats. Contributes to plaque bulid-up in arteries (narrows). Contribute to heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure, & other conditions. |
| Antihypertensives | High BP causes damage to kidneys & heart. Sometime > one med prescribed. ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretices, & vasodilators. May become hypotensive, to prevent check BP before giving meds. Dizzines when changing positions |
| Cardiac Glycosides | (Digitals) Slows & strengthen heartbeat. Prescribed for CHF & artial arrhymias(strial fibrillation) to > the effectiness of hearts contractions. Always check BP. Causes dizziness or fainting to slow pulse. Yellow halos around lights in visual. |
| Diuretics | Causes body to rid excess water through urine. Act on kidneys to increase salt & water outout. Thiazide - side efect of depleting potassium. Loop - stronger, potassium depletion. Potassium falls too low heart iregularities & death. May have supplement. |
| Vasodilators | "widens blood vessels" To lower BP & treat poor circulation to various parts of body. May cause headache, nausea, & hypotension. Check BP befor giving meds. |
| Antiglaucoma | Disorder in the eye that cuases > persure w/in eyeball & can lead to blindness. Eye drops < pressure of fluid w/in eye. |
| Antacids | Neutralizes stomach when swallowed. Alkaline properties mix w/ acid to make less acidic. Common effect are either constipation or diarrhea. |
| Anticholingergics | Blocks the action of parasympathic nervous system. Slows peristalsis & > stomach acid production. |
| Antiemetics | Relieves nausea & vomiting. Often given via injection or suppository. Causes drowsiness & dry mouth. |
| Anti-reflux | Relieves symptoms of gastric reflux & healing ulcers. Works by < or blocking acid produced by stomach. |
| Laxatives & Stool Softeners | Relieves constipation. Prevent the > intestine absorbing too much water from feces, keeps moist & easy to pass. Check when last BM before giving. 2 days give laxative. Prevent prolonged constipation or impaction. |
| Antidiabetics | > affects in pancreas. Insulin regulates blood sugar. Not enough insulin blood sugar elevates ^ norm, hyperglycemia. Insulin can only be given by injection. Fasting blood glucose test. Fingerstick done several x daily. |
| Reproductive Hormones | Felmale hormon like estrogen in menopause to < symptoms. Also to help preven osteporosis. |
| Stroids | Relieve inflammation or treat asthma & bronchitis |
| Thyroid Replacement Hormone | Thyroid gland does not function properly. Meds are produced synthetically. Too ^ of dose, will show irritability & anxiety. |
| Antibiotics | Treat infection cause by bacteria. No effect on viruses. Some kill specific types of baceria or wide range. |
| Antivirals | Treat outbreaks of herpes virus, shingles (herpes zoster), HIV & AIDS. Does not cure disease. |
| Antifungals | Treat fungal infections, like athlete's foot & yeast infections. Topical creams or ointments. |
| Anti-inflammatories | Inflammation, causing redness, swelling, pain, & heat. NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Arthritis inflammation & joint pain. |
| Antineoplastics | Treat cancer by preventing growth of cancer cells. Extremely toxic, causing serious side effects. |
| Analgesics | Used to relieve pain. Pain is a symptom not an illness. Two categories: narcotic & non-narcotic. Narcotic acts on brain to rlieve pain. Non- not as strong, no major side effects. |
| Antianxiety/Sedative | Reduce activity of certain brain chemicals. Relieves anxiety & panic. |
| Anticonvulsants | "convulaion" seizure. Are prone to sezure activity. Used for epilepsy. < frequency & severity of sezures by acting on brain. |
| Antidepressants | Relieves depression, treats certain types of pain like migraines. |
| Antiparkinson | For Parkinson's disease, uncontrollable tremors, stooped posture, & shuffling gait. Corrects brain imbalance to relieve symptoms. |
| Antipsychotics | For mental illnesses (psychoses). Hallucination, delusions, & paranoia. Works by calming brain, allowing brain to function normal. |
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxants | Overworked or strained muscles, spasms. Back, shoulders, & neck. Relaxes muscles, < pain. |
| Antihistamines | Itching & swelling. Blocks the action of histamines, < allergy symptoms. For mild pespiratory allergies, like hay fever & sinus. Also prevent motion sickness. |
| Antitussives | Act on brain to control cough. Non-prescription cough meds available. |
| Bronchodilators | Widen air passages in lungs to ease shortness of breath like asthma & emphysema. |
| Decongestants | Opens air passages in nose & sinuses by constricting blood vessels. |
| Expectorants | Thin mucus, cough up and out. |
| Sterioid Anti-inflammatories | To < swelling and inflammation of air passages. |
| Topical | Applied directly to skin. Treat a local lesion or deliver systemically via transdermal patch. |
| Vitamin & Mineral Supplements | Chemical substances needed by the body to maintain normal function. Who do not eat well or have diseases or debilitating illness that keep from absorbing vitamins & minerals from food. |
Created by:
LaceyPape
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