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Psychology chap.15
Pearson psychology chapter 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Mental Disorder | Any Behavior or emotional state that causes a person to suffer, is self-destructive; seriously impairs the person's ability to work or get along with others; or endangers others or the community. |
| Define Insanity | Legal term that rests primarily on whether a person is aware of the consequences of his or her actions and can control his or her behavior. |
| What is the D.S.M? | The reference manual used to diagnose mental disorders is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The D.S.M's primary aim is DESCRIPTIVE: to provide clear diagnostic categories, so clinicians and researchers can study and treat disorder |
| What are critics of the D.S.M state? | Diagnoses are needed for insurance reasons for therapists to be compensated. Also: over-diagnosis, the power of diagnostic labels, confusion of serious mental disorders with normal problems, the illusion of objectivity. |
| What do supporters of the D.S.M state? | The DSM improves the reliability of and agreement between clinicians, also the importance of new categories that need to distinguish disorders precisely. |
| What is a projective test? | Psychological tests used to infer a person's motives and conflicts, on the basis of the person's interpretation of ambiguous stimuli. (Rorschach inkblot test) |
| What are objective tests? | Standardized objective questionnaires requiring written responses; they typically include scales on which people are asked to rate themselves. |
| What is generalized anxiety? | A continuous state of anxiety marked by feelings of worry and dread, apprehension, difficulties in concentration, and signs of motor tension. |
| What is Post-traumatic stress disorder? | PTSD is an anxiety disorder in which a person who has experienced a traumatic or life-threatening event has symptoms such as psychic numbing, reliving of the trauma, and increased physiological arousal. |
| What are panic disorders? | An anxiety disorder in which a person has recurring attacks of intense fear or panic, often with feelings of impending doom or death. |
| What are phobias? | An exaggerated, unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity, or object. |
| What is Obsessive Compulsive Disorder? | Recurrent, persistent, unwished-for thoughts or images(obsessions) and by repetitive, ritualized behaviors that the person feels must be carried out to avoid disaster(compulsions) |
| What is major depression? | A mood disorder involving disturbances in emotions(excessive sadness), behavior(loss of interest in one's usual activities),cognition(thoughts of hopelessness), and body function(loss of appetite and fatigue.) |
| Define personality disorders. | Maldaptive traits that cause great distress or an inability to get along with others. |
| What are the two models of addiction? | Biological and Learning. |
| Define the biological model. | Holds that addiction, whether to alcohol or any other drug, is due to primarily to a person's neurology and genetic predisposition. |
| Define the learning model. | Examines the role of the environment, learning, and culture in encouraging or discouraging drug abuse and addiction. |
| What is the debate over multiple personality disorder? | Whether the patients are truly mentally ill or creating these personalities. |
| What are the symptoms of Schizophrenia? | Bizarre delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized incoherent speech, grossly disorganized and inappropriate behavior, impaired cognitive abilities |
| Define narcissistic personality disorder | A disorder characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance and self-absorption |
| Define antisocial personality disorder. | A personality disorder characterized by a lifelong pattern of irresponsible behavior such as lawbreaking, violence, and other impulsive, reckless acts. |
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jtulachanh
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