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Midterm3
Emotion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are some Universal Emotions? | anger fear disgust surprise happiness sadness |
| What are some facial expression for happiness? | Smile + teeth + eyebrow raise + open mouth + maniacal |
| What are some facial expression for Surprise? | Eyes wide + eyebrow raise + open mouth + extreme |
| What are some facial expression for disgust? | eyebrows down and wrinkle upper lip + wrinkle nose + open mouth + extreme |
| What are three types of universal Emotions? | Facial expression, behavioral expression, and physiological expression |
| where is the universal emotions found? | across cultures, in newborns, in the congenitally blind. |
| Why is adaptive behavior so important? | Drives us toward safety, we want to feel good, so we seek food, warmth, friendship, sex, Drives us toward safety-we don't want to feel bad, so we avoid things that make us afraid/angry. |
| Emotions drive positive social behavior? | when there is injustice --> anger --> retribution when there is need --> sadness --> helping |
| Why do we have eyebrows? | likely to signal emotions over long distances |
| What does the eyebrows do when there is an expression of aggression and disgust? | eyebrows down |
| what does the eyebrows do when there is an expression of fear and surprise | eyebrows up |
| What are emotions that require a social context? | social emotions |
| What is it call when emotional reaction to accomplishment. (marked by upturned head, puffed out chest and outstretched arms. | pride |
| what are the social function of pride? | Communicates accomplishment to others, so other can then follow your example. Communicates recent gain of goods or status that may be of useful to other group members. |
| What type of social emotion is when emotional reaction to being caught breaking a social norm (covering up your face or body, blushing looking away) | Embarrassment |
| What are some social functions of embarrassment? | Communicates to others that you're sorry for breaking social norms. Showing embarrassment increases likelihood others will forgive you. |
| What are complex and mixed emotions? | Experience of two or more emotions simultaneously. |
| Mixed emotions of joy + surprise? | Amazement |
| Mixed emotions of Sadness + surprise? | Disappointment |
| Mixed emotions of anger + joy | Cruelty |
| Laughter | Found across cultures Has signature facial, behavioral and physiological expression |
| What are some of the things that laughter has evolved to? | may signal mating potential Shows intelligence Shows creativity Shows social knowledge/prowess |
| Emotion and expression: what comes first? | Cognition precedes emotional expression I am happy, so i smile, I am sad, so i cry |
| What does James-Lange Theory involve? | Facial feedback: People have been place in a facial expression that does not agree to what they should be expressing for example reading a comic book while showing an expression of sad. |
| Who published the Dermotological surgery that deals with depression? | Finzi, 2006 |
| Physiological arousal + cognitive interpretation = | Emotional Experience |
| What experiment did Dutton and Aron did? | Male participants asked to cross a bridge and then take a survey. |
| What were the outcomes of Dutton and Aron's experiment? | 60 % on scary bridge called back and only 30% that were in safe bridge called. Heightened arousal(fear) caused by bridge was masattributed to attractive female experimenter. |
| What is the historical perspective? | Stimulus -->Emotion -->physical Response |
| What is the James-Lange Theory? | Stimulus -->Physical response --> emotion |
| What is Schachter's 2-factory Theory? | Stimulus -->physical response & cognitive process (is that a giant gorilla) ---> emotion |
| What were Ledoux's Dual-route Theory? | Fast route: amygdala --> body reacts quickly to stimulus, even if outside of conscious awareness.Phsysiological Response Slow Route: Prefrontal Cortex--> Brain consciously interprets stimulus and affects emotions accordingly.Cognitive response |
| Very quick assessment of danger, but not always accurate? | Fast(amygdala) Route |
| Slower reaction time, but more accurate? | Slow(cortical) route |
| What is it call when some stimuli are "preprogrammed" to trigger the amygdala (fear response)? | Instinctual Fears (horse-tiger) |
| What is it call when there is a uncontrollable, rapid expression of emotion (as quick as 1/25 of a second) | Micro-Expressions (patient wanted to kill her self in the weekend: showed a sign) |
| Even if reading is accurate, you don't know why they have that emotion? | "Othello Error" |
| What are some signs that do predict lying? | Increase pupil size Higher pitched voice Constrained lip movements Taking longer to answer questions. |
| What are some signs that predict not lying? | Fidgeting and other automatic body movement Blinking or looking away Amount of eye contact |
| What are lie detectors for? | Only detects fluctuations in general arousal Generally ineffetive Used primarily as a scare tactic by interrogators |
| What is it call when people insist something is morally wrong, but cannot come up with logical reasons? | Moral Dumbfounding (it feels wrong) |
| What does witnessing moral wrongdoing causes? | Disgusted facial response Same neurological response as disgust drop in blood pressure |
| What triggers Disgust? | Actions that are culturally unacceptable, novel, or strange. |
| How can disgust make us more moral? | Immoral acts tend to elicit disgust, motivating us to punish those that commit them |
| How can disgust make us less moral? | Groups that seem strange or unacceptable may elicit disgust, motivating us to mistreat them. |
| People tend to underestimate the stability of happiness | Dispositional Happiness |
| Long-term happiness is largely unaffected by? | Falling in love Getting a divorce Lossing a love one |
| How long even after streme events, people most often return back to baseline level of happiness? | 1 Year(little as 3 months) |
| What did Van Boven & Gilovich Experiement showed? | Buying material goods had no happiness effect even a day later Buying experiental goods (party) did make people happier |
| What would make you the most lastingly happy? | Spending 100 dollars on a night out with friends. |
| What are the three type of happiness? | Happiness through Pleasure Happiness through Flow Happiness through meaning |
| Complete immersion in the present tasks?(time passes very quickly, flat affectivily) | Flow |
| Happiness through pleasure involves? | Packing life with as much pleasure, and as little pain as possible. No lasting impact (gaining or losing possesion.) |
| What is the impact of Happiness through Flow? | doesn't increase positive affect (happiness) Does decrease negative affect (depression and anxiety) |
| What is Happiness through meaning? | Knowing one's strengths and using them to serve other. |
| What does religion offers to people so why they are happier? | Large social networks and frequent social activity. Opportunities to develop natural skills Opportunities to help others and serve a higher purpose. |
| Religion offers no more happiness than other activities that provide? | Large, active social network Opportunities to increase mastery/skills opportunities for philanthropy |
| Imagining what might have been affects feelings about what did happen (causes emotional amplication) | Counterfactuals |
| Things were almost better than they are (leads to less satisfaction) | Upward counterfactuals |
| Things were almost worse than they are ( leads to more satisfaction) | Downward counterfactual |
| What are problems with too many options? | More time agonizing over making the best decision Greater Expectations Greater likelihood of making upward counterfacturals. |
| What would create the most opportunity for happiness? | Going to restaurant with 5 items on menu. |
| How to become happier? | Don't worry about attaining riches/stuff Don't be a worry-wart Tailor your life around what you do well |
| How to become happier? | Serve a higher purpose Maintain an active social networks think about how things could be worse |
Created by:
jdolores11
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