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Transportatin Test #
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Crash Rate | Crashes per million entering vehicles at intersectins, crashes per hundred million vehicle miles on road sections |
| Emotion | the time to consider the sign's meaning and make a decision |
| Human Factor | the study of how human being function in their natural or constructed surroundings |
| Identification | the time to read and understand the sign |
| perception | the time it takes to see the sign |
| SSD | the distance needed by a driver to bring his vehicle to a safe stop, given roadway grades, surface conditions, and operating speeds |
| TCD traffic control devices | a sign or pavement marking that is used to regulate, warn or guid drivers as they operate their vehicles |
| volition | the time to exicute a maneuver |
| HSIP | Highway Safety Improvement Program |
| MUTCD | Manual for Uniform Traffic Control Devices |
| NHTSA | National Highway Traffic Safety Administration |
| Degree of Curvature | The number of degrees subtended by an angle defined by 100 feet of centerline along a horizontal curve |
| Effective radius (Rv) | Distance from the center of curve to the middle of the innermost lane |
| Geometric design | The way in which highway designers try to fit the highway to the terrain wile maintaining design standards for safety and performance |
| Horizontal Curve | circular curves of radius R |
| Middle ordinate (Ms) | Distance from the chord connecting the VPT and VPC to the centerlind of the horizontal curve. |
| Passing sight Distance (PSD) | the sight distance required when pulling out to pass another vehicle on a two-lane road |
| Radius of curve | Distance from the center of a circular horizontal curve to the centerline of the curve |
| Superelevation (e) | The banking of a curve |
| Superelevation Runoff | Length of roadway needed to accomplish a change in outside lane cross slope from zero to full |
| Tangent Runout | Length of roadway needed to accomplish a change in outside lane cross slope from normal rate to zero |
| Vertical curve | parabolic in vertical alignment of highways |
| Accepted gap or lag | gap or lag that the driver of a minor-street vehicle uses to move into the major street |
| Critical gap | The minimum size gap that a paticular driver will accept |
| Cycle Length | The time required for on complete sequence of signal indications |
| Dilemma Zone | the decision to stop when the light turns yellow, or continue through an intersection |
| Fully actuated control | intersection signals that rely on detectors on all approaches. |
| Gap | time elapsed between the rear bumper of one vehicle and the front bumper of the following vehicle passing a given point. |
| Headway | The time elapsed between the fron bumper of vehicle and the front bumper of the following vehicle passing a given point |
| Interval | The part of a signal cycle during which signal indications do not change |
| Lag | time elapsed between the arrival of a minor street vehicle ready to move into the major street and the arrival of the front bumper of the next vehicle in the major traffic stream |
| Offset | The time difference between green cycles of 2 signalized intersections (not always consecutive) |
| Rejected gap or lag | gap or lag that the driver of a minor street vehicle waiting to enter the major street does not accept |
| Saturation flow rate | the number of vph that could enter the intersection if the signal were always green |
| Semi actuated control | the signal on a main street will stay green until a vehicle is detected on a minor street |
| Signal Indication | The illumination of a signal lens or equivalent device |
| Signal Phase | The green, Yellow change,and red clearance intervals in a cycle that are assigned to an independent traffic movement or combination of movements |
| Signal Warrant | Use threshold values to help a traffic engineer make decisions on the installation of traffic signal control |
| Time Space Diagrams (TSD) | are scaled drawings that show trajectories of vehicles traveling downstream or upstream on a network |
| Flexible Pavement | Usually composed of asphalt concrete, which flexes under load |
| International Roughness Index (IRI) | Measure of roughness. ride based but a direct function of pavement distress |
| Pavement distresses | visual observations or faults |
| Pavement Management System (PMS) | is a set of tools or methods that assist decision makers in finding optimum strategies for providing and maintaining pavements in a serviceable condition over a given period of time. |
| Present serviceability Index (PSI) | rating 0-5 used to quantify pavement quality-surrogat to PSR |
| Present Serviceability Rating (PSR) | subjective rating of pavement smoothnes performed by a panel of trained raters. scale 0-5 5 is the best |
| Rideability | comfort of the rider |
| Rigid Pavement | usually composed of Partland Cement concrete, distributes load evenly over base that acts like a spring |
| Structural Number (SN) | reflects total pavement thickness |
| Terminal Serviceability Index (TSI) | unacceptable level of ride quality (2-2.5 |
| ESAL | Equivalent Single axle load |
| HERS-ST | Highway economic requirements system-state version |
| HPMS | highway performance monitoring system |
| LTPP | long term performance pavement program |
| SHRP | strategic Highway research program |
| TRB | transportation research board |
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