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chapter08
the digestive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an/o- | anus , ring |
| bar/o- | pressure , weight |
| chol/e- | bile . gall |
| cholecyst/o- | gallbladder |
| col/o- | colon , large intestiine |
| colon/o- | colon , large intestine |
| dent/o- | tooth , teeth |
| dont/o- | give |
| duoden/o- | duodenum, first part of small intestine |
| enter/o- | small intestine |
| esophag/o- | esophagus |
| gastr/o- | stomach, belly |
| gloss/o- | tounge |
| hepat/o- | liver |
| ile/o- | capable of |
| jejun/o- | jejunum |
| lingu/o- | tongue |
| lith/o- | stone , calculus |
| or/o- | mouth , oral cavity |
| pancreat/o- | pancreas |
| phag/o- | eat , swallow |
| proct/o- | anus and rectum |
| rect/o- | rectum , straight |
| sigmoid/o- | sigmoid colon |
| stomat/o- | mouth , oral cavity |
| -emesis | vomitting |
| -lithiasis | presence of stones |
| peps/i , pept/o , -pepsia | digest , digestion |
| -phagia | eating swallowing |
| aerophagia | The abnormal, spasmodic swallowing of air, especially as a symptom of hysteria. |
| amebic dysentery | any of a number of disorders marked by inflammation of the intestine, especially of the colon, with abdominal pain, tenesmus, and frequent stools containing blood and mucus. |
| anastomosiss | 1. communication between vessels by collateral channels. 2. surgical, traumatic, or pathological formation of an opening between two normally distinct spaces or organs. |
| anorexia nervosa | Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by an unrealistic fear of weight gain, self-starvation, and conspicuous distortion of body image. The individual is obsessed with becoming increasingly thinner and limits food intake to the point wh |
| antiemptic | preventing or alleviating nausea and vomiting; also, an agent that so acts |
| aphthous ulcers | a small painful ulcer in the mouth, approximately 2 to 5 mm in diameter. It usually remains for five to seven days and heals within two weeks with no scarring. |
| ascites | an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. |
| bariatrics | a field of medicine encompassing the study of overweight and its causes, prevention, and treatment. |
| borborygmus | a rumbling noise caused by propulsion of gas through the intestines. |
| botulism | is caused by botulinum toxin, a natural poison produced by certain bacteria in the Clostridium genus. Exposure to the botulinum toxin occurs mostly from eating contaminated food, or in infants, from certain clostridia growing in the intestine. |
| bulimia nervosa | is a serious and sometimes life-threatening eating disorder affecting mainly young women. People with bulimia, known as bulimics, consume large amounts of food and then try to rid themselves of the food and calories by fasting, excessive exercise, vomitin |
| cachexia | a profound and marked state of constitutional disorder; general ill health and malnutrition. |
| cheilosis | fissuring and dry scaling of the vermilion surface of the lips and angles of the mouth, a characteristic of riboflavin deficiency. |
| cholangiography | radiography of the bile ducts |
| cholangitis | inflammation of the bile ducts. |
| cholera | is an acute infectious disease characterized by watery diarrhea that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae |
| cirrhosis | is a chronic degenerative disease in which normal liver cells are damaged and are then replaced by scar tissue |
| colonoscopy | is a medical procedure where a long, flexible, tubular instrument called the colonoscope is used to view the entire inner lining of the colon (large intestine) and the rectum. |
| crohn's disease | is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), resulting in swelling and dysfunction of the intestinal tract. |
| diverticulitis | he inflammation of one or more diverticula in the colon |
| diverticulosis | the presence of diverticula in the absence of inflammation |
| dyspepsia | can be defined as painful, difficult, or disturbed digestion, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, heartburn, bloating, and stomach discomfort. |
| dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| emesis | vomiting. |
| enteritis | inflammation of the intestine, especially of the small intestine. |
| eructation | belching; casting up wind from the stomach through the mouth |
| esophageal varices | an enlarged tortuous vein, artery, or lymphatic vessel. |
| esophagogastroduodenoscopy | as used in the field of gastroenterology (the medical study of the stomach and intestines) is a thin, flexible tube that uses a lens or miniature camera to view various areas of the gastrointestinal tract. |
| gastroduodenostomy | surgical anastomosis of the stomach to a formerly remote part of the duodenum. |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease | any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs and whose etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown. |
| gastronomy tube | Stomach tube for feeding. |
| hematemesis | the vomiting of blood |
| hemoccult test | a lab test for hidden blood in the stools |
| hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver |
| herpes labialis | any inflammatory skin disease marked by the formation of small vesicles in clusters; the term is usually restricted to such diseases caused by herpesviruses and is used alone to refer to |
| hiatal hernia | protrusion of any structure through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm |
| hyperemesis | excessive vomiting |
| ileus | is a partial or complete non-mechanical blockage of the small and/or large intestine. |
| inguinal hernia | hernia into the inguinal canal. |
| jaundice | a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes. |
| melena | the passage of black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools |
| morbid obesity | the condition of weighing two to three times, or more, than the ideal weight; also known as clinically severe obesity |
| nasogastric intubation | the placementof a feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach |
| obesity | an excessive accumulation of fat in the body |
| periodontium | the tissues investing and supporting the teeth, including the cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and gingiva. |
| peristalisis | a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction |
| proctopexy | the surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ |
| regurgitation | the return of swallowed food into the mouth |
| salmonellosis | an infectious disease of the intestines that is transmitted by food contaminated with feces |
| sigmoidoscopy | the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon |
| stomatorrhagia | bleeding from any part of the mouth |
| trismus | any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer |
| ulcerative colitis | a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation |
| volvulus | the twisting of the intestine on itself that causes an obstruction |
| xerostomia | the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands; also known as dry mouth |
Created by:
michellee
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