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Psychology Exam 4

development

QuestionAnswer
Sex biological maleness and femaleness
Gender psychological and sociocultural meanings added to biological maleness or femaleness
Androgyny both masculine and feminine traits
Kinsey interviewed over 18,000 participants on sexual activities and preferences
Masters and Johnson male and female volunteers. Used intricate physiological measuring devices and monitored bodily responses
Sexual Orientation primary erotic attraction toward members of the same sex, both sexes, or other sexes
Social Learning Theory Power of immediate situation and observable behaviors on gender role development
Gender Schema Theory Roles are acquired through social learning. Schema of ‘correct’ for boys and girls
Sexual Response Cycle (M & J) Excitement, Plateau, orgasm, Resolution (Refractory Period)
nature vs nurture Nat: Governed by automatic, pre-determined genetics Nurt: grow and developed throughout your life based on environment and five senses
Critical Periods optimal periods for each developmental stage
Stability Theory vs Control Theory Stability: your personality at a young age will stay your personality the rest of your life Control: personality changes throughout your life depending on environment and experiences
Continuity Theory vs Erikson's Stage Theory Cont: development is a continuous thing throughout your life Stage: periods of intense growth and development and periods of rest
Cross-sectional vs Longitudinal Research C-S: group of people with variety of ages/ asked a lot of questions at one time Long: examine individuals throughout their lifetime
4 Perspectives on Development Psychosocial, cognitive, biological, social-learning
Prenatal Development Germinal (ovulation), Embryonic (implantation), Fetal (8 weeks)
Tetratogens environmental agent that causes damage during prenatal development
Early Childhood Development Vision is last to develop
Puberty biological changes that lead to adult-sized body and sexual maturity
Thanatology study of death
Piaget's Stages Sensorimotor (birth-2) Preoperational (2-7) Concrete Operational (7-11) Formal Operational (11-on)
Centration see one feature of the problem
Irreversibility can’t reverse an action after it happened
Egocentrism Their perspective matters (only sees one perspective)
Animistic Thinking giving personality to an object
Kubler-Ross 5 Stages of Dying: DAnBDAc
Phases of Grief Numbness, Yearning, Disorganization/Despair, Resolution/reorganization
Biological Theory inborn, genetically determined processes that control and direct behavior
Drive reduction vs optimal arousal DR:physio need that leads to behavior. Behavior will satisfy the need. OA: motivated to achieve and maintain optimal level of arousal
Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow) Physiological→ Safety→ Love→ Esteem→ Self Actualization
Psychological incentives and cognitions
Cannon and Washburn balloon in stomach
Obesity more than 15% body weight than ordeal
Thematic Apperception Test Looking at and making stories about pictures
James-Lange subjective experience→ physiological changes
Cannon-Baird Emo and physio same time
Facial Feedback movements of face produce experience
Schacter & Singer’s Two Factors emo depends on physio and cognitive labeling
Created by: nwmoser
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