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Emotion & Motivation
A.P Psychology Chapter 12 & 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Glucose | A form of sugar that helps circulate in the blood and provides energy for body tissues. |
| Motivation | To act in a certain way that you need or have a desire for something |
| Instinct | An inborn pattern of activity |
| Drive-reduction theory | An aroused state that drives the organism to reduce the need by eating, drinking, etc. |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of a steady internal state. It regulates the body chemistry such as blood glucose. |
| Incentive | It is a positive or negative stimulus that motivates behavior |
| Hierarchy of needs | Once their lower-level needs are reached, they are prompted to satisfy their higher-level needs. |
| Set Point | Keeps the body at a particular weight. If your body weight decreases , there will be an increase of hunger and a decrease of metabolic rate. |
| Basal metabolic rate | The body's resting rate of energy expenditure |
| Anorexia nervosa | A person with a normal weight diets and becomes underweight. That person still continues to starve because he or she does not want to feel fat. |
| Bulimia nervosa | A type of eating disorder that occurs when a person overeats high-calorie foods that causes him or her to vomit, use laxative, or do excessive exercise which can lead to an unhealthy body. |
| Sexual response cycle | Identifies the four stages: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution |
| Refractory period | Males enter a resting period after orgasm |
| Sexual Disorder | Impairs sexual arousal or functioning |
| Estrogen | A sex hormone that is secreted in larger amount by females than by males |
| Sexual Orientation | Sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex or the other sex. |
| Flow | The mental state of operation in which a person, who performs an activity is energized, focused, and involved in their working process. |
| Industrial-organizational psychology | Applies to psychology's principles to the workplace. There are two main sub-fields: personnel psychology & organizational psychology |
| Personnel Psychology | Focuses on selecting and evaluating workers |
| Organizational psychology | Examines how work environments and management styles influence worker motivation, productivity, & satisfaction |
| Structured Interview | A method of collecting information by analyzing jobs, training interviewers, and scripting questions. |
| Achievement Motivation | Desire to accomplish their own goals |
| Task leadership | Setting standards, organizing work, and focusing attention on their goals |
| Social leadership | Mediating conflicts, offering support, and building teamwork |
| Theory X | Believes that many workers are lazy, error-prone, and motivated for money |
| Theory Y | Assumes that workers are motivated to work to achieve self-esteem |
| Emotion | Involves in physiological activation (heart pounding), expressive behaviors (quickened pace), and conscious experience and feelings. |
| James-Lange Theory | A theory: different emotions are caused by bodily sensations |
| Cannon-Bard Theory | It is a physiological explanation of emotion discovered by Walter Cannon and Philip Bard. The theory states that people feel all kinds of emotions and experience physiological reactions like sweating, trembling and muscle tension. |
| Two-factor theory | Stanley Schachter, a theorist, created a new theory. The theory was to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal. |
| Polygraph | A machine to detect if someone is lying by measuring physiological responses such perspiration, cardiovascular, and breathing changes. |
| Catharsis | An emotional release. |
| Feel-good do-good phenomenon | People feel happy when they are willing to help others. |
| Subjective well being | Feelings of happiness or satisfaction with life |
| Adaptation-level phenomenon | The tendency to judge various stimuli relative to those we have previously experienced |
| Relative Deprivation | People sense that they are worse off than others by comparing themselves |
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