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DH Lecture Three
Working with Children and Families
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the four overarching principles of the Psychologist's Ethical Code of Practice: | 1. Respect the dignity of persons and peoples 2. Responsible caring 3. Integrity of relationships 4. Social justice |
| What four aspects are involved in the Respect for dignity of persons and peoples principle? | Must inform patients of the situation and possible outcomes and get informed consent, Patients have final word - you cannot force them to do therapy, Must be aware of peoples different views, beliefs, religions, Must not bring own idea about religion etc |
| What four aspects are involved in the Responsible caring principle? | Must be in engaging care for patients and not make things up (relates to evidence-based practice), make sure do accurate assessment, Make sure health agencies, teachers and parents are given accurate info and on same page, dont bring own views (religion) |
| What is the two main aspect to the Integrity of relationships principle? | Must always keep things professional: Must not be a conflict of interest - you must not be benefiting in any way, Must be meeting patients under normal conditions - so must not be romantically involved or be friends with patient. |
| What are the your two main roles as a psychologist as explained under the Social Justice principle? | Your main role and focus is on the patient-to help and work with the patient and your second role is a higher responsibility of taking care for social justice, of the community so if a patient talks about harming themselves of others, you must warn people |
| What is first and foremost rule under? | DO NOT HARM . You do not want patients getting worse. |
| Confidentiality is an important part of ethics. What is said in the room stays in the room. But there are conditions where the confidentiality can be broken as a last resort, Give example of two conditions where confidentiality can be broken: | When suicide or homicide is an issue and you then call the police or psychiatric services. The other time when it can be broken is when the child is at risk of child abuse or neglect where the parents are in no state to look after child. |
| With child abuse, breaking the confidentiality by reporting it is your last resort because before this you would actually...? | Go into the home and try to fix the problem |
| What does the Mental Health Act involve? | Involves compulsory assessment and treatment for those that you do not think are in a state to look after themselves such as manic state, or with Bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or dementia even if they dont agree to it-their right to refusal is overriden |
| More specifically than already mentioned, what are for assessment techniques used with children? | Interviews, Rating, Observations and Neuropsychological testing |
| What are pros of observations and what are the cons? | Pros is that you get a better sense of the child's everyday functioning as you can get conflicting information from sources such as teachers, father, mother. Cons is that you get a small sample of child's behaviour as you usually only stay for half hour |
| What things should you as a clinical psychologist be aware of when assessing children? (There are five things) | Culture, Age, Gender, Appearance, Your own biases/expectations/cultural views etc. |
| What do we mean by nonverbal and waiting room behaviour? | This is when by observing interactions with parents you can tell whether they have a good relationship with the child. When in the waiting room, you can assess them by leaving the door open to get a good taste of how they interact in a natural environment |
| One thing to remember when assessing children is that the purpose of the assessment is to obtain information needed to make decisions that will be ________ to the child and family. You need to keep ______ on the referral question. | beneficial, focus |
| Another thing to remember when assessing children is that you must fully recognize the possible ____ of the assessment and ______ on the child and family. You must be really honest right from the start and say something such as....? | effects, outcomes, "if your child has an intellectual disability he will be put in a special class" |
| List the 5 things that make up good assessment practice: | 1. Work towards building a trusting and collaborative relationship 2. Be upfront about the process and its implications 3. Be flexible 4. Keep good records 5. Create optimal environment |
| What aspect of good assessment practice is the strongest predictor for making a relationship and being successful at diagnosing? | Working towards a trusting and collaborative relationship |
| There a three reasons why it is important to keep good records. What are they? | 1. It leads to accuracy and clearness so other health professionals can understand when you refer patient on to them. 2. With evidence-based practice, if there is a complaint or something goes wrong 3. For when patients want to request to see your notes |
| Why is it important to create an optimal environment? | So that patients feel comfortable so that you can get the best information out of them |
| What are the Five P's and what do we use them for? | Predisposing, Precipitating, Present, Perpetuating, Protective. And they are used for collecting information for formulating a case |
| What one of the Five P's is this describing? "Maintaining factors within the child;s environment - what has been going on and is stil going on? - this is key target" | Perpetuating |
| What one of the Five P's is this describing? "We look at what we are going to have to treat" | Present |
| What one of the Five P's is this describing? "What has been happening in the child's life so far since birth that might have affected them such as parents arguing a lot, divorce, moving towns or schools a lot." | Precipitating |
| What one of the Five P's is this describing? " Family history, gender,if during child birth anything happend such as getting cord around neck which affects brian development or anything prenatal" | Predisposing |
| What one of the Five P's is this describing? "What are the child's strengths? How can we use these strengths to combat the weaknesses as part of their intervention? If they have learning difficulties but has great spatial ability could incorporate this" | Protective |
| What are the four types of treatment that you can use for children? | Kids skills, Stop-Think-Do, Problem Solving and Relaxation |
| What does the kids skills treatment option involve? | Breaking down something child has difficulty such as homework or tying show laces with into smaller skills - working through each step with child so its not overwhelming |
| What does the Stop-Think-Do treatment option involve? | Allows child to learn how to regulate themselves, be able to pick up clues about when they are starting to get annoyed and learn what to do about it. Learn to stop and think if it is good or bad idea which prevents them doing impulsive things. |
| What does the Problem solving treatment option involve? | This is treating children how to generate alternatives and is related to stop-think-go. If someone if being mean to you at school there are ways to solve this problem - you could talk to someone about it. |
| What does the Relaxation treatment option involve? | This involves self-regulation - teaching the child how to calm down and relax in particular with hyperactive, anxious and stressed children |
| There are also 5 different ways for parent to help the child. What are they? | Develop a positive relationship, Encourage desirable behavior, Teach new skills or behaviors, Manage misbehavior and use family survival tips |
| The teach new skills or behaviours suggest that you dont just....? | do everything for them even if it does take less time such as dressing them, instead let them learn how to do it and if they cannot teach them to ask and then show them how to do it as you do it for them (ask-say-do) |
| What are the three clear things to know when managing misbehavior? | Direct discussion, Clear instructions, Clear consequences |
| What are the four helpful family survival tips? | Dont argue in front of the children - it is important to model good behaviour, work as a team, get support and have breaks - let grandparents have children once a week. |
| There are also many useful things teachers can do. Theses are? | Use a home-school contract, have classroom placements, have token/chart reward system, reward at home for school behavior, work with child's special needs and really importantly dont identify the child as having special attention or being odd one out. |
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alicemcc33
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